feat(i18n): translate the interface and the desktop file

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@ target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE settings-ui)
 install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
 install(DIRECTORY src/images/ DESTINATION ${SETTINGS_DATA_DIR}/images)
 
+cutefish_add_translations(cutefish-settings SOURCES src DESKTOP_FILES cutefish-settings.desktop)
 install(FILES
-    cutefish-settings.desktop
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cutefish-settings.desktop
     DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DATADIR}/applications
 )
 

cutefish-settings.desktop

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 [Desktop Entry]
 Name=Settings
-Name[zh_CN]=设置
 Exec=/usr/bin/cutefish-settings
 Icon=preferences-system
 Terminal=false

src/main.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <string>
 
 #include "base/dbus.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/application.h"
 #include "window/options.h"
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
 
     ui::Application application(argc, argv);
     application.setApplicationId("cutefish-settings");
+    i18n::setDomain("cutefish-settings");
 
     // A running instance takes the request, and this process ends.
     base::dbus::Connection* bus = application.sessionBus();

src/pages/about/aboutinfo.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@
 #include <sys/sysinfo.h>
 #include <sys/utsname.h>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
+
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
+
 namespace settings::about {
 
 static std::string unquoted(std::string value)
@@ -165,15 +171,17 @@ std::string processor()
         }
     }
     if (!found)
-        return "Unknown";
+        return tr("Unknown");
     if (count > 0)
-        model += " x " + std::to_string(count);
+        // TRANSLATORS: a processor model and its number of cores, such as "Intel Core i5 x 8".
+        model = format(tr("{model} x {count}"), {{"model", model}, {"count", std::to_string(count)}});
     return model;
 }
 
 std::string formatByteSize(double size)
 {
-    static const char* const units[] = {"B", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", "EB", "ZB", "YB"};
+    static const char* const units[] = {trNoop("B"), trNoop("KB"), trNoop("MB"), trNoop("GB"), trNoop("TB"),
+                                        trNoop("PB"), trNoop("EB"), trNoop("ZB"), trNoop("YB")};
     int unit = 0;
     while (std::abs(size) >= 1024 && unit < 8) {
         size /= 1024;
@@ -181,7 +189,8 @@ std::string formatByteSize(double size)
     }
     char number[64];
     snprintf(number, sizeof(number), "%.0f", size);
-    return std::string(number) + " " + units[unit];
+    // TRANSLATORS: a size, such as "16 GB".
+    return format(tr("{value} {unit}"), {{"value", number}, {"unit", tr(units[unit])}});
 }
 
 std::string memorySize()
@@ -192,14 +201,20 @@ std::string memorySize()
     return formatByteSize(double(info.totalram) * info.mem_unit);
 }
 
+static std::string storageText(const std::string& used, const std::string& total)
+{
+    // TRANSLATORS: the space used on the system disk and its size, such as "40 GB / 256 GB".
+    return format(tr("{used} / {total}"), {{"used", used}, {"total", total}});
+}
+
 std::string internalStorage()
 {
     struct statvfs root;
     if (statvfs("/", &root) != 0)
-        return formatByteSize(0) + " / " + formatByteSize(0);
+        return storageText(formatByteSize(0), formatByteSize(0));
     const double total = double(root.f_blocks) * root.f_frsize;
     const double available = double(root.f_bavail) * root.f_frsize;
-    return formatByteSize(total - available) + " / " + formatByteSize(total);
+    return storageText(formatByteSize(total - available), formatByteSize(total));
 }
 
 } // namespace settings::about

src/pages/about/aboutpage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/about/aboutinfo.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@
 #include "window/pagelist.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -22,7 +25,7 @@ class AboutPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit AboutPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "About")
+        : Page(window, tr("About"))
     {
         // A nested layout never grows past its children's width, so it is
         // centred itself rather than filled.
@@ -39,19 +42,20 @@ public:
         name->setWeight(700);
         name->setColor(Color::rgb(0x3385FF));
         name->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::Center, .verticalAlignment = Alignment::Start});
-        m_runningOn = brand->addChild<Label>("Running on " + about::prettyProductName());
+        m_runningOn = brand->addChild<Label>(
+                format(tr("Running on {system}"), {{"system", about::prettyProductName()}}));
         m_runningOn->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::Center, .verticalAlignment = Alignment::Start});
 
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         const std::string model = about::computerModel();
         if (!model.empty())
-            card->addChild<InfoRow>("Model", model);
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("System version", about::prettyProductName());
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("System type", about::architecture());
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("Kernel version", about::kernelVersion());
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("Processor", about::processor());
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("RAM", about::memorySize());
-        card->addChild<InfoRow>("Internal storage", about::internalStorage());
+            card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Model"), model);
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("System version"), about::prettyProductName());
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("System type"), about::architecture());
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Kernel version"), about::kernelVersion());
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Processor"), about::processor());
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("RAM"), about::memorySize());
+        card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Internal storage"), about::internalStorage());
     }
 
 protected:

src/pages/accounts/accountspage.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "cutefish/accounts/accounts_manager.h"
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/paths.h"
 #include "pages/accounts/password.h"
 #include "pages/accounts/passwordchanger.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -34,11 +37,11 @@ class AccountsPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit AccountsPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Users")
+        : Page(window, tr("Users"))
     {
         m_users = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_users->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        StandardButton* add = content()->addChild<StandardButton>("Add user");
+        StandardButton* add = content()->addChild<StandardButton>(tr("Add user"));
         add->onClicked = [this] {
             m_addUser = std::make_unique<AddUserDialog>(settingsWindow(), m_manager);
             m_addUser->onClosed = [this] { dispose(m_addUser); };
@@ -93,8 +96,9 @@ private:
             m_chooser->setModal(true);
             m_chooser->setFilters(
                     {FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(
-                             "Image files (*.jpg *.jpeg *.png *.webp *.bmp *.tif *.tiff *.avif)"),
-                     FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("All files (*)")});
+                             format(tr("Image files ({patterns})"),
+                                    {{"patterns", "*.jpg *.jpeg *.png *.webp *.bmp *.tif *.tiff *.avif"}})),
+                     FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(tr("All files (*)"))});
             m_chooser->setCurrentFolder(base::paths::userDirectory(base::paths::UserDirectory::Pictures));
             m_chooser->onAccepted = [this, account](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
                 if (paths.empty())
@@ -139,12 +143,12 @@ private:
         if (uid == int64_t(getuid()))
             return;
         m_confirm = std::make_unique<ConfirmDialog>(
-                &settingsWindow().window(), "Delete this user",
-                "Delete user “" + account->userName()
-                        + "”? Their home directory and its contents will be permanently deleted. This "
-                          "cannot be undone.");
-        m_confirm->setCancelText("Cancel");
-        m_confirm->setConfirmText("Delete");
+                &settingsWindow().window(), tr("Delete this user"),
+                format(tr("Delete user “{name}”? Their home directory and its contents will be permanently deleted. "
+                          "This cannot be undone."),
+                       {{"name", account->userName()}}));
+        m_confirm->setCancelText(tr("Cancel"));
+        m_confirm->setConfirmText(tr("Delete"));
         m_confirm->setDestructive(true);
         m_confirm->onAccepted = [this, uid] { m_manager.deleteUser(uid, true); };
         m_confirm->show();

src/pages/accounts/userdetailsdialog.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "pages/accounts/userdetailsdialog.h"
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
 #include "ui/keys.h"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -30,8 +32,8 @@ UserDetailsDialog::UserDetailsDialog(SettingsWindow& window, std::shared_ptr<acc
     content->setSpacing(metrics::dialogSpacing);
 
     Card* card = content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_type = card->addChild<InfoRow>("Account type");
-    m_password = card->addChild<ListRow>("Change password…");
+    m_type = card->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Account type"));
+    m_password = card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Change password…"));
     m_password->setName("user:changePassword");
     m_password->onClicked = [this] {
         close();
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ UserDetailsDialog::UserDetailsDialog(SettingsWindow& window, std::shared_ptr<acc
     RowLayout* buttons = content->addChild<RowLayout>();
     buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
     buttons->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::End});
-    m_delete = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Delete this user", true);
+    m_delete = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Delete this user"), true);
     m_delete->setName("user:delete");
     m_delete->setDestructive(true);
     m_delete->onClicked = [this] {
@@ -78,7 +80,8 @@ void UserDetailsDialog::close()
 void UserDetailsDialog::update()
 {
     m_dialog->setTitle(m_account->userName());
-    m_type->setValue(m_account->accountType() == accounts::UserAccount::Standard ? "Standard" : "Administrator");
+    m_type->setValue(m_account->accountType() == accounts::UserAccount::Standard ? tr("Standard")
+                                                                                 : tr("Administrator"));
     m_delete->setEnabled(m_account->userId() != m_loggedInUid);
 }
 

src/pages/accounts/userdialogs.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "pages/accounts/userdialogs.h"
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/accounts/accounts_manager.h"
 #include "pages/accounts/password.h"
 #include "ui/combo_box.h"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ protected:
 
 ChangePasswordDialog::ChangePasswordDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, const std::string& userName,
                                            std::unique_ptr<PasswordChanger> changer)
-    : FormDialog(parent, "Change password", kWidth)
+    : FormDialog(parent, tr("Change password"), kWidth)
     , m_changer(std::move(changer))
 {
     Label* name = content()->addChild<SecondaryLabel>(userName);
@@ -65,12 +67,12 @@ ChangePasswordDialog::ChangePasswordDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, const std::st
 
     m_form = addForm(content());
     if (m_changer) {
-        m_current = addField(m_form, "Current password", true);
-        m_password = addField(m_form, "New password", true);
+        m_current = addField(m_form, tr("Current password"), true);
+        m_password = addField(m_form, tr("New password"), true);
     } else {
-        m_password = addField(m_form, "Password", true);
+        m_password = addField(m_form, tr("Password"), true);
     }
-    m_verify = addField(m_form, "Verify password", true);
+    m_verify = addField(m_form, tr("Verify password"), true);
 
     if (m_changer) {
         m_error = content()->addChild<Label>();
@@ -85,19 +87,19 @@ ChangePasswordDialog::ChangePasswordDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, const std::st
             case PasswordChanger::Result::WrongPassword:
                 m_current->setText({});
                 m_current->setFocus();
-                showError("The current password is incorrect");
+                showError(tr("The current password is incorrect"));
                 break;
             case PasswordChanger::Result::Rejected:
                 m_password->setText({});
                 m_verify->setText({});
                 m_password->setFocus();
-                showError(message.empty() ? "The new password was not accepted" : message);
+                showError(message.empty() ? tr("The new password was not accepted") : message);
                 break;
             case PasswordChanger::Result::Failed:
-                showError(message.empty() ? "The password could not be changed" : message);
+                showError(message.empty() ? tr("The password could not be changed") : message);
                 break;
             case PasswordChanger::Result::TimedOut:
-                showError("The password change did not finish in time");
+                showError(tr("The password change did not finish in time"));
                 break;
             }
             update();
@@ -105,9 +107,9 @@ ChangePasswordDialog::ChangePasswordDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, const std::st
     }
 
     RowLayout* buttons = addButtonRow();
-    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     m_cancel->onClicked = [this] { requestClose(); };
-    m_change = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Change password", true);
+    m_change = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Change password"), true);
     m_change->onClicked = [this] { change(); };
 
     for (TextField* field : {m_current, m_password, m_verify}) {
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ void ChangePasswordDialog::change()
 
     showError({});
     if (!m_changer->start(m_current->text(), m_password->text()))
-        showError("The password could not be changed");
+        showError(tr("The password could not be changed"));
     update();
 }
 
@@ -152,15 +154,15 @@ void ChangePasswordDialog::showError(const std::string& error)
 }
 
 AddUserDialog::AddUserDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, accounts::AccountsManager& manager)
-    : FormDialog(parent, "Add new user", kWidth)
+    : FormDialog(parent, tr("Add new user"), kWidth)
     , m_manager(manager)
 {
     m_form = addForm(content());
-    m_name = addField(m_form, "User name", false);
-    m_password = addField(m_form, "Password", true);
-    m_verify = addField(m_form, "Verify password", true);
-    m_form->addChild<Label>("Account type");
-    m_type = m_form->addChild<ComboBox>(std::vector<std::string>{"Standard", "Administrator"});
+    m_name = addField(m_form, tr("User name"), false);
+    m_password = addField(m_form, tr("Password"), true);
+    m_verify = addField(m_form, tr("Verify password"), true);
+    m_form->addChild<Label>(tr("Account type"));
+    m_type = m_form->addChild<ComboBox>(std::vector<std::string>{tr("Standard"), tr("Administrator")});
     m_type->setCurrentIndex(0);
     m_type->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
@@ -170,9 +172,9 @@ AddUserDialog::AddUserDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, accounts::AccountsManager&
     m_error->setVisible(false);
 
     RowLayout* buttons = addButtonRow();
-    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     m_cancel->onClicked = [this] { requestClose(); };
-    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Add", true);
+    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Add"), true);
     m_add->onClicked = [this] { add(); };
 
     for (TextField* field : {m_name, m_password, m_verify})

src/pages/accounts/userrow.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <unicode/unistr.h>
 #include <unicode/utf16.h>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/transform.h"
 #include "ui/animation.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ UserRow::UserRow(std::shared_ptr<accounts::UserAccount> account, int64_t loggedI
     m_userName = addContent<Label>();
     m_realName = addContent<Label>();
     addContent<View>()->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-    m_loggedIn = addContent<Label>("Logged in");
+    m_loggedIn = addContent<Label>(tr("Logged in"));
     m_info = addContent<IconButton>("info", 20);
     m_info->onClicked = [this] {
         if (onInfo)

src/pages/appearance/appearancepage.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <functional>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/appearance/appearance.h"
 #include "ui/icon.h"
 #include "ui/layout.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using cutefish::appearance::Appearance;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -114,22 +116,22 @@ class AppearancePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit AppearancePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Appearance")
+        : Page(window, tr("Appearance"))
     {
-        Section* modes = content()->addChild<Section>("Appearance");
+        Section* modes = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Appearance"));
         Card* modeCard = modes->addChild<Card>();
         RowLayout* tiles = modeCard->addChild<RowLayout>();
         tiles->setSpacing(metrics::tileSpacing);
         // The 100x68 artwork at its own size inside the 4px inset.
         const SizeF preview{108, 76};
-        m_light = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/light_mode.svg"), "Light", preview);
+        m_light = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/light_mode.svg"), tr("Light"), preview);
         m_light->onClicked = [this] { chooseDarkMode(false); };
-        m_dark = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/dark_mode.svg"), "Dark", preview);
+        m_dark = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/dark_mode.svg"), tr("Dark"), preview);
         m_dark->onClicked = [this] { chooseDarkMode(true); };
-        m_auto = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/auto_mode.svg"), "Auto", preview);
+        m_auto = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath("images/auto_mode.svg"), tr("Auto"), preview);
         m_auto->onClicked = [this] { m_appearance.setDarkModeSchedule(Appearance::SunsetToSunrise); };
 
-        Section* accents = content()->addChild<Section>("Accent color");
+        Section* accents = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Accent color"));
         Card* accentCard = accents->addChild<Card>();
         Row* swatches = accentCard->addChild<Row>();
         // The ring sits smallSpacing inside its cell; it, like a preview's
@@ -145,9 +147,9 @@ public:
 
         Card* links = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         const std::array<std::tuple<const char*, const char*, Color, const char*>, 3> pages = {
-                std::tuple{"Fonts", "fonts.svg", Color::rgb(0xFE8433), "fonts"},
-                {"Icon Theme", "icontheme.svg", Color::rgb(0x2EC347), "icontheme"},
-                {"Cursor Style", "cursor.svg", Color::rgb(0x3385FF), "cursortheme"}};
+                std::tuple{tr("Fonts"), "fonts.svg", Color::rgb(0xFE8433), "fonts"},
+                {tr("Icon Theme"), "icontheme.svg", Color::rgb(0x2EC347), "icontheme"},
+                {tr("Cursor Style"), "cursor.svg", Color::rgb(0x3385FF), "cursortheme"}};
         for (const auto& [title, icon, tint, id] : pages) {
             NavigationItem* item = links->addChild<NavigationItem>(title);
             item->setLeading<RowIcon>(icon, tint);

src/pages/battery/battery.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <ctime>
 
 #include "base/file.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/paths.h"
 #include "base/settings.h"
 #include "cutefish/upower/battery_status.h"
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::base;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -111,9 +114,9 @@ std::string Battery::lastChargedTime() const
     const int64_t days = timeformat::daysBetween(secs, now());
 
     if (days == 0)
-        return "Today at " + timeformat::shortTime(secs);
+        return format(tr("Today at {time}"), {{"time", timeformat::shortTime(secs)}});
     if (days == 1)
-        return "Yesterday at " + timeformat::shortTime(secs);
+        return format(tr("Yesterday at {time}"), {{"time", timeformat::shortTime(secs)}});
 
     return timeformat::shortDateTime(secs);
 }

src/pages/battery/batterypage.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/timer.h"
 #include "pages/battery/battery.h"
 #include "pages/battery/batteryhistory.h"
@@ -29,6 +30,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -45,9 +48,9 @@ public:
     {
         setSpacing(metrics::m);
         setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        m_title = addChild<SectionLabel>("History");
+        m_title = addChild<SectionLabel>(tr("History"));
         m_title->setName("battery:historytitle");
-        m_picker = addChild<SegmentedControl>(std::vector<std::string>{"24 hours", "7 days"});
+        m_picker = addChild<SegmentedControl>(std::vector<std::string>{tr("24 hours"), tr("7 days")});
         // Compact, to sit in the title row.
         m_picker->setContentHeight(28);
     }
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ class BatteryPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit BatteryPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Battery")
+        : Page(window, tr("Battery"))
     {
         // History.
         m_historySection = content()->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
@@ -101,16 +104,16 @@ public:
         m_graph->setDuration(m_plottedDuration);
 
         // Health.
-        m_health = content()->addChild<Section>("Health");
+        m_health = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Health"));
         m_health->setName("battery:health");
         Card* health = m_health->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_condition = health->addChild<InfoRow>("Condition");
-        m_capacity = health->addChild<InfoRow>("Maximum capacity");
+        m_condition = health->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Condition"));
+        m_capacity = health->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Maximum capacity"));
         m_lastCharged = health->addChild<InfoRow>();
         m_lastCharged->setName("battery:lastcharged");
 
         // Charging.
-        m_charging = content()->addChild<Section>("Charging");
+        m_charging = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Charging"));
         m_charging->setName("battery:charging");
         Card* charging = m_charging->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_chargeLimit = charging->addChild<SwitchRow>();
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ public:
         m_chargeLimitNote->setName("battery:chargelimitnote");
 
         Card* percentage = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        SwitchRow* showPercent = percentage->addChild<SwitchRow>("Show percentage in status bar");
+        SwitchRow* showPercent = percentage->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Show percentage in status bar"));
         showPercent->setChecked(m_battery.showPercent());
         showPercent->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_battery.setPercentEnabled(checked); };
 
@@ -183,10 +186,11 @@ private:
     {
         const int capacity = m_battery.capacity();
         m_health->setVisible(capacity != 0);
-        m_condition->setValue(capacity >= 90 ? "Excellent" : capacity >= 80 ? "Normal" : "Poor");
-        m_capacity->setValue(std::to_string(capacity) + "%");
+        m_condition->setValue(capacity >= 90 ? tr("Excellent") : capacity >= 80 ? tr("Normal") : tr("Poor"));
+        // TRANSLATORS: a percentage, such as "92%".
+        m_capacity->setValue(format(tr("{percent}%"), {{"percent", std::to_string(capacity)}}));
         const int lastCharged = m_battery.lastChargedPercent();
-        m_lastCharged->setText("Last charged to " + std::to_string(lastCharged) + "%");
+        m_lastCharged->setText(format(tr("Last charged to {percent}%"), {{"percent", std::to_string(lastCharged)}}));
         m_lastCharged->setValue(m_battery.lastChargedTime());
         m_lastCharged->setVisible(lastCharged != 0);
     }
@@ -194,7 +198,8 @@ private:
     void updateChargeLimit()
     {
         m_charging->setVisible(m_battery.chargeLimitSupported());
-        m_chargeLimit->setText("Limit charging to " + std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitEnd()) + "%");
+        m_chargeLimit->setText(
+                format(tr("Limit charging to {percent}%"), {{"percent", std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitEnd())}}));
         m_chargeLimit->setChecked(m_battery.chargeLimitEnabled());
         updateChargeLimitNote();
     }
@@ -203,11 +208,12 @@ private:
     {
         const bool held = m_battery.chargeLimitHeld();
         m_chargeLimitNote->setText(
-                held ? "While plugged in, charging stops at " + std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitEnd())
-                               + "% and resumes below " + std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitStart())
-                               + "%, so the battery wears more slowly."
-                     : "This computer's battery controller did not keep the limit, so the battery still "
-                       "charges fully.");
+                held ? format(tr("While plugged in, charging stops at {end}% and resumes below {start}%, so the "
+                                 "battery wears more slowly."),
+                              {{"end", std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitEnd())},
+                               {"start", std::to_string(m_battery.chargeLimitStart())}})
+                     : tr("This computer's battery controller did not keep the limit, so the battery still "
+                          "charges fully."));
         m_chargeLimitNote->setColor(held ? std::nullopt : std::optional<Color>(accent::orange));
     }
 

src/pages/battery/historygraph.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdio>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/locale.h"
 #include "pages/battery/timeformat.h"
 #include "ui/animation.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -45,15 +48,15 @@ static std::string stateText(uint32_t state)
 {
     switch (state) {
     case 1:
-        return "Charging";
+        return tr("Charging");
     case 4:
-        return "Fully charged";
+        return tr("Fully charged");
     case 5:
-        return "Not charging";
+        return tr("Not charging");
     case 2:
     case 3:
     case 6:
-        return "On battery";
+        return tr("On battery");
     }
     return {};
 }
@@ -86,7 +89,7 @@ public:
     explicit Legend(HistoryGraph& graph)
         : m_graph(graph)
     {
-        for (const char* text : {"On battery", "Plugged in"})
+        for (const char* text : {tr("On battery"), tr("Plugged in")})
             m_labels.push_back(addChild<Label>(text));
     }
 
@@ -579,9 +582,14 @@ void HistoryGraph::layout()
         const int64_t secs = int64_t(std::floor(start + m_probe->x / m_plot.width * m_duration));
         std::string time = timeformat::shortTime(secs);
         if (m_duration > 86400)
-            time = timeformat::shortDayName(secs) + " " + time;
+            // TRANSLATORS: a weekday and a time in the graph's readout, such as "Mon 9:41 AM".
+            time = format(tr("{day} {time}"), {{"day", timeformat::shortDayName(secs)}, {"time", time}});
         const std::string state = stateText(m_probe->state);
-        m_readout->setTexts(fixed(value, m_decimals) + m_units, state.empty() ? time : state + " · " + time);
+        std::string detail = time;
+        if (!state.empty())
+            // TRANSLATORS: the battery state and the time in the graph's readout, such as "Charging · 9:41 AM".
+            detail = format(tr("{state} · {time}"), {{"state", state}, {"time", time}});
+        m_readout->setTexts(fixed(value, m_decimals) + m_units, detail);
         const double readoutWidth = m_readout->contentWidth() + metrics::s * 2;
         const double x = std::max(0.0, std::min(width - readoutWidth, m_plot.x + m_probe->x - readoutWidth / 2));
         m_readout->setGeometry({x, 0, readoutWidth, m_headerHeight});

src/pages/bluetooth/bluetoothdialogs.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
 #include "ui/switch.h"
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -26,27 +29,27 @@ static constexpr size_t kNameLength = 248;
 // The kind of device behind each icon name BlueZ reports.
 static std::string deviceType(const std::string& icon)
 {
-    static const std::map<std::string, std::string> types = {
-        {"audio-card", "Audio device"},
-        {"audio-headphones", "Headphones"},
-        {"audio-headset", "Headset"},
-        {"camera-photo", "Camera"},
-        {"camera-video", "Video camera"},
-        {"computer", "Computer"},
-        {"input-gaming", "Game controller"},
-        {"input-keyboard", "Keyboard"},
-        {"input-mouse", "Mouse"},
-        {"input-tablet", "Drawing tablet"},
-        {"modem", "Modem"},
-        {"multimedia-player", "Media player"},
-        {"network-wireless", "Network device"},
-        {"phone", "Phone"},
-        {"printer", "Printer"},
-        {"scanner", "Scanner"},
-        {"video-display", "Display"},
+    static const std::map<std::string, const char*> types = {
+        {"audio-card", trNoop("Audio device")},
+        {"audio-headphones", trNoop("Headphones")},
+        {"audio-headset", trNoop("Headset")},
+        {"camera-photo", trNoop("Camera")},
+        {"camera-video", trNoop("Video camera")},
+        {"computer", trNoop("Computer")},
+        {"input-gaming", trNoop("Game controller")},
+        {"input-keyboard", trNoop("Keyboard")},
+        {"input-mouse", trNoop("Mouse")},
+        {"input-tablet", trNoop("Drawing tablet")},
+        {"modem", trNoop("Modem")},
+        {"multimedia-player", trNoop("Media player")},
+        {"network-wireless", trNoop("Network device")},
+        {"phone", trNoop("Phone")},
+        {"printer", trNoop("Printer")},
+        {"scanner", trNoop("Scanner")},
+        {"video-display", trNoop("Display")},
     };
     const auto found = types.find(icon);
-    return found == types.end() ? std::string() : found->second;
+    return found == types.end() ? std::string() : tr(found->second);
 }
 
 // The dialog's content: the page's padding on top, as the window keeps it below.
@@ -73,7 +76,7 @@ AdapterDetailsDialog::AdapterDetailsDialog(Window* parent, std::shared_ptr<bluez
     ColumnLayout* content = makeContent(*m_dialog);
 
     Card* identity = content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    ListRow* nameRow = identity->addChild<ListRow>("Name");
+    ListRow* nameRow = identity->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Name"));
     nameRow->setInteractive(false);
     nameRow->setMinimumRowHeight(metrics::controlRowHeight);
     m_name = nameRow->addContent<TextField>();
@@ -91,17 +94,17 @@ AdapterDetailsDialog::AdapterDetailsDialog(Window* parent, std::shared_ptr<bluez
         }
     };
     m_name->onAccepted = [this] { rename(); };
-    m_address = identity->addChild<InfoRow>("Address");
+    m_address = identity->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Address"));
 
     Card* switches = content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_powered = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>("Powered");
+    m_powered = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Powered"));
     m_powered->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_adapter->setPowered(checked); };
-    m_discoverable = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>("Visible to other devices");
+    m_discoverable = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Visible to other devices"));
     m_discoverable->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_adapter->setDiscoverable(checked); };
-    m_pairable = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>("Allow incoming pairing");
+    m_pairable = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Allow incoming pairing"));
     m_pairable->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_adapter->setPairable(checked); };
 
-    DialogButton* close = makeButtons(content)->addChild<DialogButton>("Close");
+    DialogButton* close = makeButtons(content)->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Close"));
     close->onClicked = [this] {
         rename();
         m_dialog->close();
@@ -144,21 +147,21 @@ DeviceDetailsDialog::DeviceDetailsDialog(Window* parent, std::shared_ptr<bluez::
     ColumnLayout* content = makeContent(*m_dialog);
 
     Card* details = content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_type = details->addChild<InfoRow>("Device type");
-    m_model = details->addChild<InfoRow>("Model number");
-    m_version = details->addChild<InfoRow>("Version");
-    m_address = details->addChild<InfoRow>("Address");
+    m_type = details->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Device type"));
+    m_model = details->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Model number"));
+    m_version = details->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Version"));
+    m_address = details->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Address"));
 
     Card* switches = content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_trusted = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>("Trusted");
+    m_trusted = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Trusted"));
     m_trusted->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_device->setTrusted(checked); };
-    m_blocked = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>("Blocked");
+    m_blocked = switches->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Blocked"));
     m_blocked->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_device->setBlocked(checked); };
 
     RowLayout* buttons = makeButtons(content);
-    DialogButton* close = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Close");
+    DialogButton* close = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Close"));
     close->onClicked = [this] { m_dialog->close(); };
-    m_forget = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Forget this device", true);
+    m_forget = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Forget this device"), true);
     m_forget->setDestructive(true);
     m_forget->onClicked = [this] {
         m_device->forget();

src/pages/bluetooth/bluetoothpage.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/signal.h"
 #include "cutefish/bluez/devices_model.h"
 #include "cutefish/bluez/manager.h"
@@ -29,6 +30,8 @@
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::bluez;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -105,12 +108,14 @@ public:
         setName(m_device->path());
         m_icon->setIconName(m_device->icon().empty() ? "bluetooth" : m_device->icon());
         m_name->setText(m_device->name());
-        std::string status = m_device->blocked()  ? "Blocked"
-                             : linked()           ? "Connected"
-                             : m_device->paired() ? "Not connected"
+        std::string status = m_device->blocked()  ? tr("Blocked")
+                             : linked()           ? tr("Connected")
+                             : m_device->paired() ? tr("Not connected")
                                                   : "";
         if (linked() && m_device->batteryPercentage() >= 0)
-            status += " · " + std::to_string(m_device->batteryPercentage()) + "%";
+            // TRANSLATORS: a device's connection and its battery level, such as "Connected · 80%".
+            status = format(tr("{status} · {percent}%"),
+                            {{"status", status}, {"percent", std::to_string(m_device->batteryPercentage())}});
         m_status->setText(status);
         m_status->setVisible(!status.empty());
         setMinimumRowHeight(status.empty() ? metrics::rowHeight : metrics::twoLineRowHeight);
@@ -119,7 +124,7 @@ public:
         // The busy indicator stands in for the action, except that pairing can be cancelled.
         m_action->setVisible(!m_device->blocked() && (pairing() || (linked() && !m_device->busy()))
                              && (isHovered() || m_revealed));
-        m_action->setText(pairing() ? "Cancel pairing" : "Disconnect");
+        m_action->setText(pairing() ? tr("Cancel pairing") : tr("Disconnect"));
         m_info->setVisible(m_device->paired());
     }
 
@@ -251,7 +256,7 @@ public:
     void update()
     {
         setText(m_adapter->name());
-        m_state->setText(m_adapter->discoverable() ? "Discoverable" : "Not discoverable");
+        m_state->setText(m_adapter->discoverable() ? tr("Discoverable") : tr("Not discoverable"));
     }
 
 protected:
@@ -271,14 +276,14 @@ class BluetoothPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit BluetoothPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Bluetooth")
+        : Page(window, tr("Bluetooth"))
         , m_manager(Manager::shared())
     {
         ColumnLayout* top = content()->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         top->setSpacing(metrics::sectionLabelSpacing);
         top->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_firstCard = top->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_switch = m_firstCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Bluetooth");
+        m_switch = m_firstCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Bluetooth"));
         m_switch->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_manager->setEnabled(checked); };
         m_message = top->addChild<SectionLabel>(std::string(), true);
         m_message->setName("bluetooth:message");
@@ -287,11 +292,11 @@ public:
         m_devices->setSpacing(metrics::sectionSpacing);
         m_devices->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         const auto details = [this](std::shared_ptr<BluetoothObject> device) { showDeviceDetails(std::move(device)); };
-        m_paired = m_devices->addChild<DeviceSection>("My devices", m_manager, DevicesModel::PairedDevices, false,
+        m_paired = m_devices->addChild<DeviceSection>(tr("My devices"), m_manager, DevicesModel::PairedDevices, false,
                                                       details);
         m_paired->setName("bluetooth:paired");
-        m_other = m_devices->addChild<DeviceSection>("Other devices", m_manager, DevicesModel::UnpairedDevices, true,
-                                                     details);
+        m_other = m_devices->addChild<DeviceSection>(tr("Other devices"), m_manager, DevicesModel::UnpairedDevices,
+                                                     true, details);
         m_other->setName("bluetooth:other");
 
         m_subscriptions.push_back(m_manager->changed.connect([this] { update(); }));
@@ -342,16 +347,16 @@ private:
             row->setVisible(enabled);
         }
         const std::string message = !m_manager->errorText().empty() ? m_manager->errorText()
-                                    : !m_manager->operational()     ? "Bluetooth service is unavailable"
-                                    : m_manager->hardwareBlocked() ? "Bluetooth is blocked by a hardware switch"
-                                    : m_manager->adapters().empty() ? "No Bluetooth adapters found"
+                                    : !m_manager->operational()     ? tr("Bluetooth service is unavailable")
+                                    : m_manager->hardwareBlocked() ? tr("Bluetooth is blocked by a hardware switch")
+                                    : m_manager->adapters().empty() ? tr("No Bluetooth adapters found")
                                                                     : "";
         m_message->setText(message);
         m_message->setVisible(!message.empty());
         m_devices->setVisible(enabled);
         const bool scanning = m_manager->scanning();
         m_other->setBusy(scanning);
-        m_other->setPlaceholder(scanning ? "" : "No devices found. Make sure your device is discoverable.");
+        m_other->setPlaceholder(scanning ? "" : tr("No devices found. Make sure your device is discoverable."));
     }
 
     void showAdapterDetails(std::shared_ptr<BluetoothObject> adapter)

src/pages/cursortheme/cursorthemepage.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/appearance/appearance.h"
 #include "pages/cursortheme/cursorthemes.h"
 #include "ui/image_view.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using cutefish::appearance::Appearance;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -46,10 +48,10 @@ class CursorThemePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit CursorThemePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Cursor Style")
+        : Page(window, tr("Cursor Style"))
         , m_themes(CursorTheme::installed())
     {
-        Section* themes = content()->addChild<Section>("Cursor theme");
+        Section* themes = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Cursor theme"));
         Card* card = themes->addChild<Card>();
         TileGrid* grid = card->addChild<TileGrid>(SizeF{104 + metrics::tileSpacing, 104}, metrics::m);
         grid->setVisible(!m_themes.themes.empty());
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ public:
             m_items.push_back(item);
         }
 
-        Section* size = content()->addChild<Section>("Cursor size");
+        Section* size = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Cursor size"));
         Card* sizeCard = size->addChild<Card>();
         RowLayout* row = sizeCard->addChild<RowLayout>();
         row->setSpacing(metrics::rowSpacing);

src/pages/datetime/datetimepage.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/timedate/time_date.h"
 #include "pages/datetime/time.h"
 #include "pages/datetime/timezonedialog.h"
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ class DateTimePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit DateTimePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Date & Time")
+        : Page(window, tr("Date & Time"))
         , m_time(m_timeDate)
         , m_map(m_timeDate)
     {
@@ -34,13 +36,13 @@ public:
         section->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
         Card* card = section->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_autoSync = card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Auto sync");
+        m_autoSync = card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Auto sync"));
         // Greyed out, with the note below, when no NTP service is installed.
         m_autoSync->setEnabled(m_time.canNtp());
         m_autoSync->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_time.setUseNtp(checked); };
-        m_twentyFour = card->addChild<SwitchRow>("24-hour time");
+        m_twentyFour = card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("24-hour time"));
         m_twentyFour->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_time.setTwentyFour(checked); };
-        m_timeZone = card->addChild<NavigationItem>("Time zone");
+        m_timeZone = card->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Time zone"));
         m_timeZone->onClicked = [this] {
             if (m_dialog)
                 return;
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ public:
         };
 
         Footnote* note = section->addChild<Footnote>(
-                "Unable to use auto sync. Please ensure your NTP service is installed.");
+                tr("Unable to use auto sync. Please ensure your NTP service is installed."));
         note->setVisible(!m_time.canNtp());
 
         m_subscriptions.push_back(m_time.useNtpChanged.connect([this] { update(); }));

src/pages/datetime/timezonedialog.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <cmath>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/animation.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -128,7 +131,7 @@ public:
     SearchBox()
     {
         field = addChild<SearchBoxField>();
-        field->setPlaceholder("Search city or country");
+        field->setPlaceholder(tr("Search city or country"));
         field->setFrameVisible(false);
         field->setTextMargins(metrics::m + 14 + metrics::s, metrics::m);
         m_glyph = addChild<Icon>("search", 14);
@@ -262,7 +265,7 @@ public:
         m_scroll = addChild<ScrollView>();
         m_scroll->setElastic(false);
         m_rows = m_scroll->setContent<Column>();
-        m_empty = addChild<StyledLabel>("No matching time zones");
+        m_empty = addChild<StyledLabel>(tr("No matching time zones"));
         m_empty->style = [](StyledLabel& label) { label.setColor(Theme::current().disabledText); };
     }
 
@@ -757,7 +760,7 @@ class Band : public View
 public:
     Band()
     {
-        title = addChild<Label>("Time Zone");
+        title = addChild<Label>(tr("Time Zone"));
         title->setFontSize(14);
         title->setWeight(600);
         search = addChild<SearchBox>();
@@ -824,9 +827,10 @@ public:
         m_detail->style = [](StyledLabel& label) { label.setColor(Theme::current().disabledText); };
         RowLayout* buttons = bar->addChild<RowLayout>();
         buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
-        m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+        m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
         m_cancel->onClicked = [this] { m_dialog.close(); };
-        m_set = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Set", true);
+        // TRANSLATORS: the button that makes the chosen time zone the system's.
+        m_set = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Set"), true);
         m_set->onClicked = [this] { m_dialog.apply(); };
 
         results = addChild<ResultsPopup>();
@@ -843,9 +847,11 @@ public:
         const TimeZoneMap::Info& info = m_dialog.selectedInfo();
         m_time->setText(info.time);
         const bool named = !info.name.empty();
-        m_place->setText(!named ? "Click the map or search to choose a time zone"
-                         : !info.region.empty() && info.region != info.name ? info.name + ", " + info.region
-                                                                             : info.name);
+        m_place->setText(!named ? tr("Click the map or search to choose a time zone")
+                         : !info.region.empty() && info.region != info.name
+                                 // TRANSLATORS: a time zone's city and its country or region, such as "Paris, France".
+                                 ? format(tr("{city}, {region}"), {{"city", info.name}, {"region", info.region}})
+                                 : info.name);
         m_place->setWeight(named ? 600 : 400);
         m_place->style = [named](StyledLabel& label) {
             const Theme& theme = Theme::current();
@@ -854,9 +860,10 @@ public:
         if (!named)
             m_detail->setText({});
         else if (!m_dialog.isChanged())
-            m_detail->setText("Current time zone");
+            m_detail->setText(tr("Current time zone"));
         else
-            m_detail->setText(joined({info.day, info.difference, "Currently " + m_dialog.map().currentTimeZone()},
+            m_detail->setText(joined({info.day, info.difference,
+                                      format(tr("Currently {zone}"), {{"zone", m_dialog.map().currentTimeZone()}})},
                                      "  ·  "));
         m_set->setEnabled(m_dialog.isChanged());
         map()->update();
@@ -916,7 +923,7 @@ TimeZoneDialog::TimeZoneDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, TimeZoneMap& map)
 {
     auto root = std::make_unique<Root>(*this);
     m_root = root.get();
-    m_window->setTitle("Time Zone");
+    m_window->setTitle(tr("Time Zone"));
     m_window->setBackgroundColor(withAlpha(ColorId::SecondBackground, 0.5));
     m_window->setContentView(std::move(root));
     m_window->setTransientParent(&parent.window(), false);

src/pages/datetime/timezonemap.cpp

@@ -15,11 +15,15 @@
 #include <unicode/unistr.h>
 
 #include "base/file.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/locale.h"
 #include "cutefish/timedate/time_date.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trn;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -283,24 +287,25 @@ TimeZoneMap::Info TimeZoneMap::info(const std::string& id) const
     const int hours = std::abs(gap) / 3600;
     const int minutes = std::abs(gap) % 3600 / 60;
     if (gap == 0)
-        difference = "Same time as now";
-    else if (minutes == 0 && hours == 1)
-        difference = gap > 0 ? "1 hour ahead" : "1 hour behind";
+        difference = tr("Same time as now");
     else if (minutes == 0)
-        difference = std::to_string(hours) + (gap > 0 ? " hours ahead" : " hours behind");
+        difference = gap > 0 ? trn("{n} hour ahead", "{n} hours ahead", hours)
+                             : trn("{n} hour behind", "{n} hours behind", hours);
     else if (hours == 0)
-        difference = std::to_string(minutes) + (gap > 0 ? " min ahead" : " min behind");
+        difference = gap > 0 ? trn("{n} min ahead", "{n} min ahead", minutes)
+                             : trn("{n} min behind", "{n} min behind", minutes);
     else
-        difference = std::to_string(hours) + " h " + std::to_string(minutes) + (gap > 0 ? " min ahead" : " min behind");
+        difference = format(gap > 0 ? tr("{hours} h {minutes} min ahead") : tr("{hours} h {minutes} min behind"),
+                            {{"hours", std::to_string(hours)}, {"minutes", std::to_string(minutes)}});
 
     const auto day = [](int64_t seconds) { return int64_t(std::floor(double(seconds) / 86400.0)); };
     const int64_t utc = time.time_since_epoch().count();
     std::string dayText;
     const int64_t days = day(utc + offset) - day(utc + here);
     if (days > 0)
-        dayText = "Tomorrow";
+        dayText = tr("Tomorrow");
     else if (days < 0)
-        dayText = "Yesterday";
+        dayText = tr("Yesterday");
 
     return {found->timeZone, localeTimeZoneName(found->timeZone), territoryName(found->country), offset,
             shortTime(found->timeZone, utc), dayText, difference};

src/pages/defaultapps/defaultappspage.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/defaultapps/defaultapplications.h"
 #include "widgets/card.h"
 #include "widgets/listrow.h"
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "window/pagelist.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -20,11 +22,11 @@ class DefaultAppsPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit DefaultAppsPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Default Applications")
+        : Page(window, tr("Default Applications"))
     {
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        const std::array<const char*, DefaultApplications::KindCount> titles = {"Web browser", "Email client",
-                                                                               "Terminal", "Video player"};
+        const std::array<const char*, DefaultApplications::KindCount> titles = {tr("Web browser"), tr("Email client"),
+                                                                               tr("Terminal"), tr("Video player")};
         for (int kind = 0; kind < DefaultApplications::KindCount; ++kind) {
             ListRow* row = card->addChild<ListRow>(titles[size_t(kind)]);
             row->setInteractive(false);
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ private:
             box->setItems(std::move(items));
             const int index = m_applications.defaultIndex(DefaultApplications::Kind(kind));
             box->setCurrentIndex(index >= 0 ? index : (list.empty() ? -1 : 0));
-            box->setDisplayText(list.empty() ? std::optional<std::string>("None") : std::nullopt);
+            box->setDisplayText(list.empty() ? std::optional<std::string>(tr("None")) : std::nullopt);
             row->setEnabled(!list.empty());
         }
     }

src/pages/display/displaypage.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/locale.h"
 #include "base/signal.h"
 #include "base/timer.h"
@@ -37,6 +38,10 @@ using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::display;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
+using cutefish::i18n::trn;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -49,7 +54,14 @@ static std::string timeOfDay(int minutes)
 
 static std::string percent(double scale)
 {
-    return std::to_string(int(std::lround(scale * 100))) + "%";
+    // TRANSLATORS: a percentage, such as "92%".
+    return format(tr("{percent}%"), {{"percent", std::to_string(int(std::lround(scale * 100)))}});
+}
+
+// A menu item marked as the best choice for the screen.
+static std::string recommended(const std::string& item)
+{
+    return format(tr("{item} (Recommended)"), {{"item", item}});
 }
 
 namespace {
@@ -155,7 +167,7 @@ class DisplayPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit DisplayPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Display")
+        : Page(window, tr("Display"))
     {
         m_screens = content()->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         m_screens->setSpacing(metrics::sectionLabelSpacing);
@@ -212,7 +224,7 @@ private:
     void buildModes()
     {
         Card* card = m_screenPage->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_brightnessRow = card->addChild<HalfRow>("Brightness");
+        m_brightnessRow = card->addChild<HalfRow>(tr("Brightness"));
         m_brightnessRow->setName("display:brightness");
         m_brightnessRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_brightnessRow->setMinimumRowHeight(metrics::controlRowHeight);
@@ -224,19 +236,19 @@ private:
         slider->onMoved = [this](double) { m_brightnessTimer.start(); };
         slider->setValueToolTip([](double value) { return std::to_string(std::lround(value)); });
 
-        m_resolutionRow = card->addChild<ListRow>("Resolution");
+        m_resolutionRow = card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Resolution"));
         m_resolutionRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_resolution = m_resolutionRow->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_resolution->setName("display:resolution");
         m_resolution->onActivated = [this](int index) { outputs().setResolutionIndex(currentRow(), index); };
 
-        ListRow* refreshRow = card->addChild<ListRow>("Refresh rate");
+        ListRow* refreshRow = card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Refresh rate"));
         refreshRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_refreshRate = refreshRow->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_refreshRate->setName("display:refresh");
         m_refreshRate->onActivated = [this](int index) { outputs().setRefreshRateIndex(currentRow(), index); };
 
-        ListRow* scaleRow = card->addChild<ListRow>("Scale");
+        ListRow* scaleRow = card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Scale"));
         scaleRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_scale = scaleRow->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_scale->setName("display:scale");
@@ -246,11 +258,11 @@ private:
                 outputs().setScale(currentRow(), scales[index]);
         };
 
-        ListRow* rotationRow = card->addChild<ListRow>("Rotation");
+        ListRow* rotationRow = card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Rotation"));
         rotationRow->setInteractive(false);
         // Paired with the labels as the old rotation pictures were.
         m_rotation = rotationRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(
-            std::vector<std::string>{"Normal", "90°", "180°", "270°"});
+            std::vector<std::string>{trc("rotation", "Normal"), "90°", "180°", "270°"});
         m_rotation->setName("display:rotation");
         m_rotation->onActivated = [this](int index) {
             static const int rotations[] = {OutputModel::None, OutputModel::Left, OutputModel::Inverted,
@@ -265,24 +277,24 @@ private:
     {
         m_arrangement = m_screenPage->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_arrangement->setName("display:arrangement");
-        m_enabled = m_arrangement->addChild<SwitchRow>("Enabled");
+        m_enabled = m_arrangement->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Enabled"));
         m_enabled->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {
             if (!outputs().setEnabled(currentRow(), checked))
                 updateScreens();
         };
         // A screen stops being primary only when another one takes over, so
         // the switch turns on and never off.
-        m_primary = m_arrangement->addChild<SwitchRow>("Primary");
+        m_primary = m_arrangement->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Primary"));
         m_primary->onToggled = [this](bool) {
             if (!outputs().setPrimary(currentRow()))
                 updateScreens();
         };
-        m_modeRow = m_arrangement->addChild<ListRow>("Mode");
+        m_modeRow = m_arrangement->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Mode"));
         m_modeRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_mode = m_modeRow->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_mode->onActivated = [this](int index) { outputs().setReplicationSourceIndex(currentRow(), index); };
 
-        HalfRow* positionRow = m_arrangement->addChild<HalfRow>("Position");
+        HalfRow* positionRow = m_arrangement->addChild<HalfRow>(tr("Position"));
         positionRow->setInteractive(false);
         positionRow->setMinimumRowHeight(metrics::controlRowHeight);
         RowLayout* fields = positionRow->addContent<RowLayout>();
@@ -305,11 +317,11 @@ private:
     {
         m_nightCard = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_nightCard->setName("display:nightlight");
-        m_nightSwitch = m_nightCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Night Light");
+        m_nightSwitch = m_nightCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Night Light"));
         m_nightSwitch->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_nightLight.setEnabled(checked); };
 
-        m_temperature = m_nightCard->addChild<SliderRow>("Color temperature");
-        m_temperature->setCaptions("Less warm", "More warm");
+        m_temperature = m_nightCard->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Color temperature"));
+        m_temperature->setCaptions(tr("Less warm"), tr("More warm"));
         m_temperature->setRange(0, 1);
         m_temperature->onMoved = [this](double value) {
             m_pendingTemperature = value;
@@ -325,27 +337,27 @@ private:
             m_nightLight.setPreview(pressed);
         };
 
-        ListRow* scheduleRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>("Schedule");
+        ListRow* scheduleRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Schedule"));
         scheduleRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_schedule = scheduleRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(
-            std::vector<std::string>{"Never", "Sunset to sunrise", "Custom"});
+            std::vector<std::string>{tr("Never"), tr("Sunset to sunrise"), tr("Custom")});
         m_schedule->setName("display:schedule");
         m_schedule->onActivated = [this](int index) { m_nightLight.setSchedule(index); };
 
-        m_sunsetRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>("Sunset");
+        m_sunsetRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Sunset"));
         m_sunsetRow->setName("display:sunset");
         m_sunsetRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_sunset = m_sunsetRow->addContent<SecondaryLabel>();
-        m_sunriseRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>("Sunrise");
+        m_sunriseRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Sunrise"));
         m_sunriseRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_sunrise = m_sunriseRow->addContent<SecondaryLabel>();
 
-        m_fromRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>("From");
+        m_fromRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("From"));
         m_fromRow->setName("display:from");
         m_fromRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_from = m_fromRow->addContent<TimeComboBox>();
         m_from->onPicked = [this](int minutes) { m_nightLight.setCustomStart(minutes); };
-        m_toRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>("To");
+        m_toRow = m_nightCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("To"));
         m_toRow->setInteractive(false);
         m_to = m_toRow->addContent<TimeComboBox>();
         m_to->onPicked = [this](int minutes) { m_nightLight.setCustomEnd(minutes); };
@@ -357,7 +369,7 @@ private:
         const int count = model.count();
         std::vector<std::string> names;
         for (int row = 0; row < count; ++row)
-            names.push_back(model.name(row).empty() ? "Screen" : model.name(row));
+            names.push_back(model.name(row).empty() ? tr("Screen") : model.name(row));
         if (names != m_tabNames) {
             m_tabNames = names;
             const int current = m_screenTabs->currentIndex();
@@ -368,7 +380,7 @@ private:
         m_screenName->setVisible(count == 1);
         m_screenTabs->setVisible(count > 1);
         const int row = currentRow();
-        m_screenName->setText(count > 0 && !model.name(row).empty() ? model.name(row) : "Screen");
+        m_screenName->setText(count > 0 && !model.name(row).empty() ? model.name(row) : tr("Screen"));
         m_screenPage->setEnabled(m_screen.available() && !m_screen.busy() && !m_screen.pendingConfirmation());
 
         if (count > 0) {
@@ -376,7 +388,7 @@ private:
             std::vector<std::string> resolutionItems;
             for (int i = 0; i < int(resolutions.size()); ++i) {
                 // "Recommended" is only a hint while choosing.
-                resolutionItems.push_back(i == model.recommendedResolutionIndex(row) ? resolutions[i] + " (Recommended)"
+                resolutionItems.push_back(i == model.recommendedResolutionIndex(row) ? recommended(resolutions[i])
                                                                                      : resolutions[i]);
             }
             setItems(m_resolution, resolutionItems);
@@ -393,8 +405,8 @@ private:
             std::vector<std::string> scaleItems;
             int nearest = 0;
             for (int i = 0; i < int(scales.size()); ++i) {
-                const bool recommended = std::abs(scales[i] - model.recommendedScale(row)) < 0.001;
-                scaleItems.push_back(recommended ? percent(scales[i]) + " (Recommended)" : percent(scales[i]));
+                const bool recommendedScale = std::abs(scales[i] - model.recommendedScale(row)) < 0.001;
+                scaleItems.push_back(recommendedScale ? recommended(percent(scales[i])) : percent(scales[i]));
                 // The nearest step, for a scale set some other way.
                 if (std::abs(scales[i] - model.scale(row)) < std::abs(scales[nearest] - model.scale(row)))
                     nearest = i;
@@ -427,7 +439,7 @@ private:
 
         m_errorCard->setVisible(m_screen.loaded() && (!m_screen.available() || !m_screen.error().empty()));
         m_error->setText(m_screen.available() ? m_screen.error()
-                                              : "Display configuration is unavailable in this session.");
+                                              : tr("Display configuration is unavailable in this session."));
         updateConfirmation();
     }
 
@@ -457,16 +469,16 @@ private:
             return;
         }
         const int seconds = m_screen.confirmationSeconds();
-        const std::string text = "The previous settings come back in " + std::to_string(seconds)
-                                 + (seconds == 1 ? " second." : " seconds.");
+        const std::string text = trn("The previous settings come back in {n} second.",
+                                     "The previous settings come back in {n} seconds.", seconds);
         if (m_confirmation) {
             m_confirmation->setText(text);
             return;
         }
         m_confirmation = std::make_unique<ConfirmDialog>(&settingsWindow().window(),
-                                                         "Keep these display settings?", text);
-        m_confirmation->setCancelText("Revert");
-        m_confirmation->setConfirmText("Keep");
+                                                         tr("Keep these display settings?"), text);
+        m_confirmation->setCancelText(tr("Revert"));
+        m_confirmation->setConfirmText(tr("Keep"));
         m_confirmation->onAccepted = [this] { m_screen.keep(); };
         m_confirmation->onRejected = [this] { m_screen.revert(); };
         m_confirmation->show();

src/pages/dock/dockpage.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/dock/docksettings.h"
 #include "ui/layout.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -29,13 +31,13 @@ class DockPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit DockPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Dock")
+        : Page(window, tr("Dock"))
     {
-        Section* position = content()->addChild<Section>("Position on screen");
+        Section* position = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Position on screen"));
         Card* positions = position->addChild<Card>();
         RowLayout* tiles = positions->addChild<RowLayout>();
         tiles->setSpacing(metrics::tileSpacing);
-        const char* const names[] = {"Left", "Bottom", "Right"};
+        const char* const names[] = {tr("Left"), tr("Bottom"), tr("Right")};
         const char* const pictures[] = {"images/dock_left.svg", "images/dock_bottom.svg", "images/dock_right.svg"};
         for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
             ImageSelectionItem* tile = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath(pictures[i]), names[i],
@@ -49,9 +51,9 @@ public:
         updateDirection();
 
         Card* sliders = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        SliderRow* size = sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Size");
+        SliderRow* size = sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Size"));
         size->setName("dock:size");
-        size->setCaptions("Small", "Huge");
+        size->setCaptions(tr("Small"), tr("Huge"));
         // The value is the icon size itself; the dock derives its paddings
         // from it (54 is the design baseline).
         size->setRange(32, 128);
@@ -63,9 +65,9 @@ public:
             m_settings.setIconSize(int(std::round(value)));
             size->setValue(m_settings.iconSize());
         };
-        SliderRow* glass = sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Glass effect");
+        SliderRow* glass = sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Glass effect"));
         glass->setName("dock:glass");
-        glass->setCaptions("More clear", "More tinted");
+        glass->setCaptions(tr("More clear"), tr("More tinted"));
         glass->setRange(0, 1);
         glass->setValue(m_settings.glassTint());
         glass->onMoved = [this, glass](double value) {
@@ -73,19 +75,19 @@ public:
             glass->setValue(m_settings.glassTint());
         };
 
-        Section* mode = content()->addChild<Section>("Display mode");
+        Section* mode = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Display mode"));
         auto* visibility = mode->addChild<SegmentedControl>(
-                std::vector<std::string>{"Always show", "Always hide", "Smart hide"});
+                std::vector<std::string>{tr("Always show"), tr("Always hide"), tr("Smart hide")});
         visibility->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         visibility->setCurrentIndex(m_settings.visibility());
         visibility->onCurrentChanged = [this](int index) { m_settings.setVisibility(index); };
 
         Card* corners = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        NavigationItem* hotCorners = corners->addChild<NavigationItem>("Hot Corners");
+        NavigationItem* hotCorners = corners->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Hot Corners"));
         hotCorners->onClicked = [&window] { window.pushPage("hotcorners"); };
 
         Card* minimized = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        SwitchRow* area = minimized->addChild<SwitchRow>("Minimized windows area");
+        SwitchRow* area = minimized->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Minimized windows area"));
         area->setChecked(m_settings.minimizedArea());
         area->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_settings.setMinimizedArea(checked); };
     }

src/pages/fonts/fontspage.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <cstdio>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/locale.h"
 #include "base/paths.h"
 #include "base/settings.h"
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using cutefish::appearance::Appearance;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -41,15 +44,16 @@ std::string languageTag()
 std::string pointSizeText(double size)
 {
     char text[32];
-    snprintf(text, sizeof(text), "%gpt", size);
-    return text;
+    snprintf(text, sizeof(text), "%g", size);
+    // TRANSLATORS: a font size in points, such as "9pt".
+    return format(tr("{size}pt"), {{"size", text}});
 }
 
 class FontsPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit FontsPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Fonts")
+        : Page(window, tr("Fonts"))
     {
         const cutefish::base::Settings services(cutefish::base::paths::cutefishConfig("services"));
         m_antiAliasing = services.boolValue("Appearance/FontAntialias", true);
@@ -58,21 +62,22 @@ public:
         m_hinting = hint == kHintStyles.end() ? 0 : int(hint - kHintStyles.begin());
 
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_general = addRow(card, "General font")->addContent<RowComboBox>();
+        m_general = addRow(card, tr("General font"))->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_general->onActivated = [this](int) { m_appearance.setFontFamily(m_general->currentText()); };
-        m_fixed = addRow(card, "Fixed font")->addContent<RowComboBox>();
+        m_fixed = addRow(card, tr("Fixed font"))->addContent<RowComboBox>();
         m_general->setFontPreview(true);
         m_fixed->setFontPreview(true);
         m_fixed->onActivated = [this](int) { m_appearance.setFixedFontFamily(m_fixed->currentText()); };
 
         std::vector<std::string> sizes;
         for (const int size : kSizes)
-            sizes.push_back(size == kDefaultSize ? pointSizeText(size) + " (Default)" : pointSizeText(size));
-        m_size = addRow(card, "Font size")->addContent<RowComboBox>(sizes);
+            sizes.push_back(size == kDefaultSize ? format(tr("{size} (Default)"), {{"size", pointSizeText(size)}})
+                                                  : pointSizeText(size));
+        m_size = addRow(card, tr("Font size"))->addContent<RowComboBox>(sizes);
         m_size->onActivated = [this](int index) { m_appearance.setFontPointSize(kSizes[size_t(index)]); };
 
-        RowComboBox* hinting = addRow(card, "Hinting")->addContent<RowComboBox>(
-                std::vector<std::string>{"None", "Slight", "Medium", "Full"});
+        RowComboBox* hinting = addRow(card, tr("Hinting"))->addContent<RowComboBox>(
+                std::vector<std::string>{tr("None"), tr("Slight"), tr("Medium"), tr("Full")});
         hinting->setCurrentIndex(m_hinting);
         hinting->onActivated = [this](int index) {
             if (index == m_hinting)
@@ -81,7 +86,7 @@ public:
             save();
         };
 
-        SwitchRow* antiAliasing = card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Anti-Aliasing");
+        SwitchRow* antiAliasing = card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Anti-Aliasing"));
         antiAliasing->setSeparatorVisible(false);
         antiAliasing->setChecked(m_antiAliasing);
         antiAliasing->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {

src/pages/hotcorners/hotcorners.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <cstdio>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
+
 using namespace cutefish::base;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -112,13 +115,13 @@ std::string HotCorners::modifierText(int modifiers) const
         text += part;
     };
     if (modifiers & kControlDown)
-        add(m_commandKeys ? "Control" : "Ctrl");
+        add(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Control") : trc("key", "Ctrl"));
     if (modifiers & kAltDown)
-        add(m_commandKeys ? "Option" : "Alt");
+        add(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Option") : trc("key", "Alt"));
     if (modifiers & kShiftDown)
-        add("Shift");
+        add(trc("key", "Shift"));
     if (modifiers & kMetaDown)
-        add(m_commandKeys ? "Command" : "Meta");
+        add(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Command") : trc("key", "Meta"));
     return text;
 }
 

src/pages/hotcorners/hotcornerspage.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/hotcorners/hotcorners.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
 #include "ui/theme.h"
@@ -15,6 +16,9 @@
 #include "window/pagelist.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -23,29 +27,32 @@ namespace {
 // The compositor's action names, "" for none, and what the menu calls them.
 const std::array<const char*, 5> kActions = {"", "toggle-overview", "toggle-show-desktop", "toggle-app-list",
                                              "lock-screen"};
-const std::vector<std::string> kActionNames = {"None", "Show All Windows", "Show Desktop", "Launcher",
-                                               "Lock Screen"};
+const std::array<const char*, 5> kActionNames = {trNoop("None"), trNoop("Show All Windows"), trNoop("Show Desktop"),
+                                                 trNoop("Launcher"), trNoop("Lock Screen")};
 
 class HotCornersPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit HotCornersPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Hot Corners")
+        : Page(window, tr("Hot Corners"))
     {
         m_unavailable = content()->addChild<Card>();
         m_unavailableLabel = m_unavailable->addChild<Label>(
-                "Hot corners are managed by the Cutefish compositor, which is not running.");
+                tr("Hot corners are managed by the Cutefish compositor, which is not running."));
         m_unavailableLabel->setWrap(true);
         m_unavailableLabel->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
         m_list = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         const std::array<std::pair<const char*, const char*>, 4> corners = {
-                std::pair{"Top left", "top-left"}, {"Top right", "top-right"}, {"Bottom left", "bottom-left"},
-                {"Bottom right", "bottom-right"}};
+                std::pair{tr("Top left"), "top-left"}, {tr("Top right"), "top-right"},
+                {tr("Bottom left"), "bottom-left"}, {tr("Bottom right"), "bottom-right"}};
+        std::vector<std::string> actionNames;
+        for (const char* name : kActionNames)
+            actionNames.push_back(tr(name));
         for (const auto& [text, corner] : corners) {
             ListRow* row = m_list->addChild<ListRow>(text);
             row->setInteractive(false);
-            RowComboBox* box = row->addContent<RowComboBox>(kActionNames);
+            RowComboBox* box = row->addContent<RowComboBox>(actionNames);
             const std::string name = corner;
             // Keys held while choosing are the ones the corner will ask for.
             box->onActivated = [this, name](int index) {
@@ -54,8 +61,8 @@ public:
             m_boxes.push_back({name, box});
         }
         m_note = content()->addChild<Footnote>(
-                "Move the pointer into a corner of the screen to run its action. Hold modifier keys while "
-                "choosing an action to make the corner work only while they are held.");
+                tr("Move the pointer into a corner of the screen to run its action. Hold modifier keys while "
+                   "choosing an action to make the corner work only while they are held."));
         m_subscription = m_corners.changed.connect([this] { update(); });
         update();
     }
@@ -81,7 +88,9 @@ private:
             box->setCurrentIndex(index);
             const int modifiers = m_corners.modifiers(corner);
             if (modifiers != 0 && index > 0)
-                box->setDisplayText(m_corners.modifierText(modifiers) + " – " + kActionNames[size_t(index)]);
+                // TRANSLATORS: the keys a hot corner needs held and its action, such as "Ctrl + Alt – Lock Screen".
+                box->setDisplayText(format(tr("{keys} – {action}"), {{"keys", m_corners.modifierText(modifiers)},
+                                                                    {"action", tr(kActionNames[size_t(index)])}}));
             else
                 box->setDisplayText(std::nullopt);
         }

src/pages/icontheme/iconthemepage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/appearance/appearance.h"
 #include "pages/icontheme/iconthemes.h"
 #include "ui/image_view.h"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using cutefish::appearance::Appearance;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -52,10 +54,10 @@ class IconThemePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit IconThemePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Icon Theme")
+        : Page(window, tr("Icon Theme"))
         , m_themes(IconTheme::installed())
     {
-        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>("Icon theme");
+        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Icon theme"));
         Card* card = section->addChild<Card>();
         TileGrid* grid = card->addChild<TileGrid>(SizeF{104 + metrics::tileSpacing, 104}, metrics::m);
         grid->setVisible(!m_themes.empty());

src/pages/keyboard/keyboardpage.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/input/checkrow.h"
 #include "pages/keyboard/inputmethod.h"
 #include "pages/keyboard/keyboard.h"
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -65,41 +68,41 @@ class KeyboardPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit KeyboardPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Keyboard")
+        : Page(window, tr("Keyboard"))
     {
-        Section* inputMethods = content()->addChild<Section>("Input method");
+        Section* inputMethods = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Input method"));
         m_noInputMethods = inputMethods->addChild<NoteCard>(
-                "Input methods can only be selected in a Cutefish Wayland session.");
+                tr("Input methods can only be selected in a Cutefish Wayland session."));
         m_inputMethodCard = inputMethods->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_inputMethodCard->setName("keyboard:inputMethods");
-        m_notRunning = inputMethods->addChild<Footnote>("The selected input method is not running.");
+        m_notRunning = inputMethods->addChild<Footnote>(tr("The selected input method is not running."));
         m_restartNote = inputMethods->addChild<Footnote>(
-                "Applications started before the input method may need to be restarted.");
+                tr("Applications started before the input method may need to be restarted."));
         m_restartNote->setOpacity(0.8);
 
-        m_shortcutKey = content()->addChild<Section>("Shortcut key");
+        m_shortcutKey = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Shortcut key"));
         Card* conventions = m_shortcutKey->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_pc = conventions->addChild<CheckRow>("Ctrl");
+        m_pc = conventions->addChild<CheckRow>(trc("key", "Ctrl"));
         m_pc->onClicked = [this] { m_keyboard.setShortcutConvention("pc"); };
-        m_command = conventions->addChild<CheckRow>("Command");
+        m_command = conventions->addChild<CheckRow>(trc("key", "Command"));
         m_command->onClicked = [this] { m_keyboard.setShortcutConvention("command"); };
         m_conventionNote = m_shortcutKey->addChild<Footnote>();
 
         Card* navigation = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_layout = navigation->addChild<NavigationItem>("Layout");
+        m_layout = navigation->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Layout"));
         m_layout->onClicked = [&window] { window.pushPage("keyboardlayout"); };
-        NavigationItem* shortcuts = navigation->addChild<NavigationItem>("Keyboard Shortcuts");
+        NavigationItem* shortcuts = navigation->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Keyboard Shortcuts"));
         shortcuts->onClicked = [&window] { window.pushPage("shortcuts"); };
 
         m_repeatCard = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_repeatCard->setName("keyboard:repeat");
-        m_repeat = m_repeatCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Key repeat");
+        m_repeat = m_repeatCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Key repeat"));
         m_repeat->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_keyboard.setRepeatEnabled(checked); };
-        m_delay = m_repeatCard->addChild<SliderRow>("Delay until repeat");
+        m_delay = m_repeatCard->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Delay until repeat"));
         m_delay->setRange(0, double(kRepeatDelays.size() - 1));
         m_delay->setStepSize(1);
         m_delay->onMoved = [this](double value) { m_keyboard.setRepeatDelay(kRepeatDelays[size_t(std::round(value))]); };
-        m_rate = m_repeatCard->addChild<SliderRow>("Repeat rate");
+        m_rate = m_repeatCard->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Repeat rate"));
         m_rate->setRange(0, double(kRepeatIntervals.size() - 1));
         m_rate->setStepSize(1);
         m_rate->onMoved = [this](double value) {
@@ -122,7 +125,7 @@ private:
         m_notRunning->setVisible(available && !current.empty() && !m_inputMethod.isRunning());
         m_restartNote->setVisible(available);
 
-        std::vector<InputMethod::Method> methods{{"", "None", ""}};
+        std::vector<InputMethod::Method> methods{{"", tr("None"), ""}};
         methods.insert(methods.end(), m_inputMethod.methods().begin(), m_inputMethod.methods().end());
         std::vector<std::string> ids;
         for (const InputMethod::Method& method : methods)
@@ -152,11 +155,11 @@ private:
         m_command->setChecked(convention == "command");
         m_conventionNote->setText(
                 convention == "command"
-                        ? "The key next to the space bar works as Command and the one beside it as Option, on any "
-                          "keyboard: Command+C copies, Command+Tab switches windows, Command+Q quits. The shortcuts "
-                          "can be changed in Keyboard Shortcuts."
-                        : "Ctrl is the shortcut key and Alt switches windows. The shortcuts can be changed in "
-                          "Keyboard Shortcuts.");
+                        ? tr("The key next to the space bar works as Command and the one beside it as Option, on "
+                             "any keyboard: Command+C copies, Command+Tab switches windows, Command+Q quits. The "
+                             "shortcuts can be changed in Keyboard Shortcuts.")
+                        : tr("Ctrl is the shortcut key and Alt switches windows. The shortcuts can be changed in "
+                             "Keyboard Shortcuts."));
         m_layout->setVisible(available);
         m_layout->setValue(m_keyboard.layoutName());
         m_repeatCard->setVisible(available);

src/pages/keyboard/layoutpage.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #include <unicode/ucasemap.h>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/input/checkrow.h"
 #include "pages/keyboard/keyboard.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ public:
         m_list = addChild<LayoutListView>();
         m_list->setElastic(false);
         m_list->setRowHeight(metrics::rowHeight);
-        m_empty = addChild<Label>("No layouts found");
+        m_empty = addChild<Label>(tr("No layouts found"));
         m_empty->setName("keyboardlayout:empty");
         m_empty->setVisible(false);
     }
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ class LayoutPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit LayoutPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Layout")
+        : Page(window, tr("Layout"))
     {
         // The list scrolls, not the page.
         setScrollDirections(false, false);
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ public:
 
         m_search = content()->addChild<SearchField>();
         m_search->setName("keyboardlayout:search");
-        m_search->setPlaceholder("Search layouts");
+        m_search->setPlaceholder(tr("Search layouts"));
         m_search->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_search->onTextChanged = [this] {
             filter();

src/pages/language/addlanguagedialog.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/language/language.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
 #include "ui/icon.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@ protected:
 } // namespace
 
 AddLanguageDialog::AddLanguageDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, Language& language)
-    : FormDialog(parent, "Add Language", 460)
+    : FormDialog(parent, tr("Add Language"), 460)
     , m_language(language)
 {
     setFixedHeight(560);
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ AddLanguageDialog::AddLanguageDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, Language& language)
     setBackgroundColor(ColorId::Background);
 
     m_search = content()->addChild<SearchField>();
-    m_search->setPlaceholder("Search languages");
+    m_search->setPlaceholder(tr("Search languages"));
     m_search->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_search->onTextChanged = [this] {
         select({});
@@ -156,9 +158,9 @@ AddLanguageDialog::AddLanguageDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, Language& language)
     m_error->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
     RowLayout* buttons = addButtonRow();
-    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    m_cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     m_cancel->onClicked = [this] { requestClose(); };
-    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Add", true);
+    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Add"), true);
     m_add->onClicked = [this] {
         m_adding = true;
         updateStates();
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ void AddLanguageDialog::updateRows()
         row->onClicked = [this, code] { select(code); };
     }
     m_scroll->setScrollPosition(position);
-    m_empty->setText(m_language.isLoading() ? "Loading languages…" : "No languages found");
+    m_empty->setText(m_language.isLoading() ? tr("Loading languages…") : tr("No languages found"));
     m_empty->parent()->setVisible(languages.empty());
     updateStates();
 }

src/pages/language/language.cpp

@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@
 #include <unicode/unistr.h>
 
 #include "base/file.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/locale.h"
 #include "base/paths.h"
 #include "base/settings.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::base;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@ void Language::saveLanguages(const std::vector<std::string>& codes)
     m_saving = true;
     savingChanged.emit();
     if (!m_service.isValid()) {
-        m_errorMessage = "Could not save preferred languages. Please try again.";
+        m_errorMessage = tr("Could not save preferred languages. Please try again.");
         errorMessageChanged.emit();
         m_saving = false;
         savingChanged.emit();
@@ -287,7 +289,7 @@ void Language::saveLanguages(const std::vector<std::string>& codes)
     }
     m_saveCall = m_service.callAsync("setPreferredLanguages", [this, codes](const dbus::Reply& reply) {
         if (reply.isError()) {
-            m_errorMessage = "Could not save preferred languages. Please try again.";
+            m_errorMessage = tr("Could not save preferred languages. Please try again.");
             errorMessageChanged.emit();
         } else {
             setPreferredCodes(codes);

src/pages/language/languagepage.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/language/addlanguagedialog.h"
 #include "pages/language/language.h"
 #include "pages/language/preferredlanguagelist.h"
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -25,16 +27,17 @@ class LanguagePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit LanguagePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Language")
+        : Page(window, tr("Language"))
     {
-        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>("Preferred languages");
+        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Preferred languages"));
         Card* card = section->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::Padded);
         card->setPadding({metrics::cardHorizontalPadding, metrics::xs, metrics::cardHorizontalPadding, metrics::xs});
         card->addChild<PreferredLanguageList>(m_language);
         section->addChild<Footnote>(
-                "Drag a language to the top to make it the system language. Right-click a language to remove it.");
+                tr("Drag a language to the top to make it the system language. Right-click a language to remove "
+                   "it."));
 
-        m_add = content()->addChild<StandardButton>("Add language…");
+        m_add = content()->addChild<StandardButton>(tr("Add language…"));
         m_add->onClicked = [this] {
             m_dialog = std::make_unique<AddLanguageDialog>(settingsWindow(), m_language);
             m_dialog->onClosed = [this] {

src/pages/language/preferredlanguagelist.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/language/language.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/keys.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ class SystemLanguageBadge : public View
 public:
     SystemLanguageBadge()
     {
-        m_label = addChild<Label>("System language");
+        m_label = addChild<Label>(tr("System language"));
         m_label->setWeight(500);
     }
 
@@ -423,7 +425,8 @@ void PreferredLanguageList::scrollAtEdge()
 void PreferredLanguageList::showActions(int index, PointF windowPosition)
 {
     m_actions = std::make_unique<Menu>();
-    const size_t remove = m_actions->addItem("Remove language", [this, index] { m_language.removeLanguage(index); });
+    const size_t remove =
+            m_actions->addItem(tr("Remove language"), [this, index] { m_language.removeLanguage(index); });
     m_actions->setItemEnabled(remove, count() > 1);
     m_actions->popup(window(), windowPosition);
 }

src/pages/mouse/mousepage.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/mouse/mouse.h"
 #include "ui/slider.h"
 #include "widgets/card.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -38,18 +40,18 @@ class MousePage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit MousePage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Mouse")
+        : Page(window, tr("Mouse"))
     {
         m_card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_card->setName("mouse:card");
-        m_leftHanded = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Left hand");
+        m_leftHanded = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Left hand"));
         m_leftHanded->setName("mouse:leftHanded");
         m_leftHanded->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_mouse.setLeftHanded(checked); };
-        m_naturalScroll = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Natural scrolling");
+        m_naturalScroll = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Natural scrolling"));
         m_naturalScroll->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_mouse.setNaturalScroll(checked); };
-        m_acceleration = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Mouse acceleration");
+        m_acceleration = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Mouse acceleration"));
         m_acceleration->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_mouse.setAcceleration(checked); };
-        m_speed = m_card->addChild<SliderRow>("Pointer speed");
+        m_speed = m_card->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Pointer speed"));
         m_speed->setName("mouse:speed");
         m_speed->setRange(0, kSteps);
         m_speed->setStepSize(1);

src/pages/network/common/detailsdialog.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "pages/network/common/detailsdialog.h"
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/connections.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/ipsettingsview.h"
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -65,33 +68,34 @@ DetailsDialog::DetailsDialog(SettingsWindow& window, NetworkList& list, Kind kin
     m_details->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
     m_savedCard = m_details->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_autoConnect = m_savedCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(kind == Kind::Wireless ? "Auto-Join" : "Connect Automatically");
+    m_autoConnect =
+            m_savedCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(kind == Kind::Wireless ? tr("Auto-Join") : tr("Connect Automatically"));
     m_autoConnect->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {
         if (!m_list.isMock() && m_settings)
             m_settings->setAutoConnect(checked);
     };
-    NavigationItem* ipSettings = m_savedCard->addChild<NavigationItem>("IP Settings");
+    NavigationItem* ipSettings = m_savedCard->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("IP Settings"));
     ipSettings->setEnabled(!m_list.isMock());
     ipSettings->onClicked = [this] { showIpSettings(true); };
 
     m_addressCard = m_details->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
     if (kind == Kind::Wireless) {
-        m_security = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("Security");
-        m_signal = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("Signal");
+        m_security = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Security"));
+        m_signal = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Signal"));
     }
-    m_ipv4 = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("IPv4 address");
-    m_ipv6 = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("IPv6 address");
-    m_mac = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("MAC address");
-    m_gateway = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("Gateway");
-    m_dns = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>("DNS");
+    m_ipv4 = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("IPv4 address"));
+    m_ipv6 = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("IPv6 address"));
+    m_mac = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("MAC address"));
+    m_gateway = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Gateway"));
+    m_dns = m_addressCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("DNS"));
 
     RowLayout* buttons = m_details->addChild<RowLayout>();
     buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
     buttons->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::End});
-    DialogButton* closeButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Close");
+    DialogButton* closeButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Close"));
     closeButton->onClicked = [this] { close(); };
     if (kind == Kind::Wireless) {
-        m_forget = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Forget this network", true);
+        m_forget = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Forget this network"), true);
         m_forget->setDestructive(true);
         m_forget->onClicked = [this] {
             if (!m_list.isMock())
@@ -152,7 +156,8 @@ void DetailsDialog::update()
     if (m_kind == Kind::Wireless) {
         setSaved(!m_row.connectionPath.empty());
         m_security->setValue(m_row.securityTypeString);
-        m_signal->setValue(std::to_string(m_row.signal) + "%");
+        // TRANSLATORS: a percentage, such as "92%".
+        m_signal->setValue(format(tr("{percent}%"), {{"percent", std::to_string(m_row.signal)}}));
     } else {
         // Only a connection that is up has addresses.
         m_addressCard->setVisible(!m_row.ipV4Address.empty() || !m_row.ipV6Address.empty());
@@ -199,7 +204,7 @@ void DetailsDialog::showIpSettings(bool shown)
         cutefish::base::EventLoop::current()->post([gone] {});
     }
     m_dialog->setBackVisible(shown);
-    m_dialog->setTitle(shown ? std::string("IP Settings") : m_row.uniqueName);
+    m_dialog->setTitle(shown ? std::string(tr("IP Settings")) : m_row.uniqueName);
 }
 
 void DetailsDialog::close()

src/pages/network/common/ipsettingsview.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cctype>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/rows.h"
 #include "ui/combo_box.h"
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -81,52 +83,52 @@ IpSettingsView::IpSettingsView(std::string connectionPath)
         }));
 
     Card* ipv4 = addCard(this);
-    m_ipv4Method = addRow(ipv4, "Configure IPv4").row->addChild<ComboBox>();
+    m_ipv4Method = addRow(ipv4, tr("Configure IPv4")).row->addChild<ComboBox>();
     m_ipv4Method->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_ipv4Method->onActivated = [this](int) {
         if (currentValue(m_ipv4Method, m_form.ipv4Methods) == "manual")
             fillFromCurrent(true);
         update();
     };
-    FormRow row = addRow(ipv4, "IP Address");
+    FormRow row = addRow(ipv4, tr("IP Address"));
     m_ipv4AddressRow = row.row;
-    m_ipv4Address = addField(row.row, "Required");
-    row = addRow(ipv4, "Subnet Mask");
+    m_ipv4Address = addField(row.row, tr("Required"));
+    row = addRow(ipv4, tr("Subnet Mask"));
     m_ipv4NetmaskRow = row.row;
     m_ipv4Netmask = addField(row.row, "255.255.255.0");
-    row = addRow(ipv4, "Router");
+    row = addRow(ipv4, tr("Router"));
     m_ipv4GatewayRow = row.row;
-    m_ipv4Gateway = addField(row.row, "Optional");
+    m_ipv4Gateway = addField(row.row, tr("Optional"));
 
     Card* ipv6 = addCard(this);
-    m_ipv6Method = addRow(ipv6, "Configure IPv6").row->addChild<ComboBox>();
+    m_ipv6Method = addRow(ipv6, tr("Configure IPv6")).row->addChild<ComboBox>();
     m_ipv6Method->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_ipv6Method->onActivated = [this](int) {
         if (currentValue(m_ipv6Method, m_form.ipv6Methods) == "manual")
             fillFromCurrent(false);
         update();
     };
-    row = addRow(ipv6, "IP Address");
+    row = addRow(ipv6, tr("IP Address"));
     m_ipv6AddressRow = row.row;
-    m_ipv6Address = addField(row.row, "Required");
-    row = addRow(ipv6, "Prefix Length");
+    m_ipv6Address = addField(row.row, tr("Required"));
+    row = addRow(ipv6, tr("Prefix Length"));
     m_ipv6PrefixRow = row.row;
     m_ipv6Prefix = addField(row.row, "64");
-    row = addRow(ipv6, "Router");
+    row = addRow(ipv6, tr("Router"));
     m_ipv6GatewayRow = row.row;
-    m_ipv6Gateway = addField(row.row, "Optional");
+    m_ipv6Gateway = addField(row.row, tr("Optional"));
 
     Card* dns = addCard(this);
     m_automaticDnsRow = dns->addChild<RowLayout>();
     m_automaticDnsRow->setSpacing(metrics::dialogSpacing);
     m_automaticDnsRow->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-    Label* automaticLabel = m_automaticDnsRow->addChild<Label>("Automatic DNS");
+    Label* automaticLabel = m_automaticDnsRow->addChild<Label>(tr("Automatic DNS"));
     automaticLabel->setWrap(true);
     automaticLabel->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_automaticDns = m_automaticDnsRow->addChild<Switch>();
     setTrailingSwitchPadding(m_automaticDns);
     m_automaticDns->onToggled = [this](bool) { update(); };
-    row = addRow(dns, "DNS Servers");
+    row = addRow(dns, tr("DNS Servers"));
     m_dns = addField(row.row, {});
 
     m_message = addChild<Label>();
@@ -136,12 +138,12 @@ IpSettingsView::IpSettingsView(std::string connectionPath)
     RowLayout* buttons = addChild<RowLayout>();
     buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
     buttons->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::End});
-    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     cancel->onClicked = [this] {
         if (onFinished)
             onFinished();
     };
-    m_saveButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Save", true);
+    m_saveButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Save"), true);
     m_saveButton->onClicked = [this] { save(); };
 
     load();
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ void IpSettingsView::update()
     for (RowLayout* row : {m_ipv6AddressRow, m_ipv6PrefixRow, m_ipv6GatewayRow})
         row->setVisible(ipv6Manual);
     m_automaticDnsRow->setVisible(automaticFamily);
-    m_dns->setPlaceholder(automaticFamily && m_automaticDns->isChecked() ? "Optional" : "1.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8");
+    m_dns->setPlaceholder(automaticFamily && m_automaticDns->isChecked() ? tr("Optional") : "1.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8");
 
     const nm::ip::Check result = nm::ip::check(form);
     const std::string problem = !m_error.empty() ? m_error : result.message;
@@ -251,11 +253,11 @@ void IpSettingsView::update()
     for (const char c : m_dns->text())
         hasDns |= !std::isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
     if (message.empty() && automaticFamily && m_automaticDns->isChecked() && hasDns)
-        message = "These servers are asked before the network's own.";
+        message = tr("These servers are asked before the network's own.");
     m_message->setText(message);
     m_message->setVisible(!message.empty());
 
-    m_saveButton->setText(m_saving ? "Saving…" : "Save");
+    m_saveButton->setText(m_saving ? tr("Saving…") : tr("Save"));
     m_saveButton->setEnabled(!m_saving && result.complete);
     requestLayout();
 }

src/pages/network/ethernet/ethernetpage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/connections.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/detailsdialog.h"
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -76,11 +78,11 @@ class EthernetPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit EthernetPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Ethernet")
+        : Page(window, tr("Ethernet"))
     {
         // The switch and the wired connections share one card.
         m_card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_switch = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Ethernet");
+        m_switch = m_card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Ethernet"));
         m_switch->setName("ethernet:switch");
         m_switch->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {
             if (!m_list.isMock())

src/pages/network/hotspot/hotspotpage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/connections.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/hotspot.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -68,13 +71,13 @@ class HotspotPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit HotspotPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Hotspot")
+        : Page(window, tr("Hotspot"))
         , m_configuration(nm::HotspotConfiguration::instance())
     {
         content()->setSpacing(metrics::sectionLabelSpacing);
 
         Card* switchCard = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_switch = switchCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Wi-Fi hotspot");
+        m_switch = switchCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Wi-Fi hotspot"));
         m_switch->setName("hotspot:switch");
         m_switch->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {
             if (checked)
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ public:
         Card* fields = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         fields->setLayoutHints(
             {.fillWidth = true, .margins = {0, metrics::sectionSpacing - metrics::sectionLabelSpacing, 0, 0}});
-        ListRow* nameRow = fields->addChild<ListRow>("Network name");
+        ListRow* nameRow = fields->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Network name"));
         nameRow->setInteractive(false);
         nameRow->setMinimumRowHeight(metrics::controlRowHeight);
         m_name = nameRow->addContent<TextField>(m_configuration->name());
@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@ public:
                 m_configuration->setName(m_name->text());
         };
 
-        ListRow* passwordRow = fields->addChild<ListRow>("Password");
+        ListRow* passwordRow = fields->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Password"));
         passwordRow->setInteractive(false);
         passwordRow->setMinimumRowHeight(metrics::controlRowHeight);
         m_password = passwordRow->addContent<PasswordField>();
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ public:
             if (nm::HotspotConfiguration::passwordValid(m_password->field->text()))
                 m_configuration->setPassword(m_password->field->text());
         };
-        m_password->generate->setToolTip("Generate password");
+        m_password->generate->setToolTip(tr("Generate password"));
         m_password->generate->onClicked = [this] {
             m_password->field->setText(nm::HotspotConfiguration::generatePassword());
             m_configuration->setPassword(m_password->field->text());
@@ -185,19 +188,20 @@ private:
             return;
         }
         m_confirm = std::make_unique<ConfirmDialog>(
-            &settingsWindow().window(), "Turn On Wi-Fi Hotspot?",
-            "Turning on the hotspot will disconnect from “" + m_handler.hotspotReplaces()
-                + "”, and you will not have access to the internet it provides.");
-        m_confirm->setCancelText("Cancel");
-        m_confirm->setConfirmText("Turn on");
+            &settingsWindow().window(), tr("Turn On Wi-Fi Hotspot?"),
+            format(tr("Turning on the hotspot will disconnect from “{network}”, and you will not have access to the "
+                      "internet it provides."),
+                   {{"network", m_handler.hotspotReplaces()}}));
+        m_confirm->setCancelText(tr("Cancel"));
+        m_confirm->setConfirmText(tr("Turn on"));
         m_confirm->onAccepted = [this] { start(); };
         m_confirm->show();
     }
 
     std::string description() const
     {
-        return "Share this computer's internet connection by creating a Wi-Fi network other devices can join. The "
-               "connection to share must come from a source other than Wi-Fi.";
+        return tr("Share this computer's internet connection by creating a Wi-Fi network other devices can join. "
+                  "The connection to share must come from a source other than Wi-Fi.");
     }
 
     void update()
@@ -214,12 +218,13 @@ private:
         else if (!m_enabled.isReady())
             status = description();
         else if (!m_enabled.isWirelessEnabled())
-            status = "Turn on Wi-Fi to use the hotspot.";
+            status = tr("Turn on Wi-Fi to use the hotspot.");
         else if (!m_handler.hotspotAllowed())
-            status = "System policy prohibits use as a hotspot.";
+            status = tr("System policy prohibits use as a hotspot.");
         else if (active)
-            status = "Other devices can join “" + m_configuration->name()
-                     + "” with the password below. Turn off the hotspot to use Wi-Fi on this computer.";
+            status = format(tr("Other devices can join “{network}” with the password below. Turn off the hotspot to "
+                               "use Wi-Fi on this computer."),
+                            {{"network", m_configuration->name()}});
         else
             status = description();
         m_status->setText(status);
@@ -229,10 +234,10 @@ private:
 
         std::string validation;
         if (!nameValid)
-            validation = m_name->text().empty() ? "Network name cannot be empty." : "Network name is too long.";
+            validation = m_name->text().empty() ? tr("Network name cannot be empty.") : tr("Network name is too long.");
         else if (!passwordValid)
-            validation = m_password->field->text().size() < 8 ? "The password must have at least 8 characters."
-                                                               : "The password must have at most 63 characters.";
+            validation = m_password->field->text().size() < 8 ? tr("The password must have at least 8 characters.")
+                                                               : tr("The password must have at most 63 characters.");
         m_validation->setText(validation);
         m_validation->setVisible(!validation.empty());
         requestLayout();

src/pages/network/networkpage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/connections.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -23,20 +25,20 @@ class NetworkPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit NetworkPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Network")
+        : Page(window, tr("Network"))
     {
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        NavigationItem* vpn = card->addChild<NavigationItem>("VPN");
+        NavigationItem* vpn = card->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("VPN"));
         vpn->setName("network:vpn");
         vpn->setLeading<RowIcon>("network-vpn", Color::rgb(0x48484C));
         vpn->onClicked = [this] { settingsWindow().pushPage("vpn"); };
 
-        NavigationItem* proxy = card->addChild<NavigationItem>("Proxy");
+        NavigationItem* proxy = card->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Proxy"));
         proxy->setName("network:proxy");
         proxy->setLeading<RowIcon>("proxy.svg", Color::rgb(0x0067FF));
         proxy->onClicked = [this] { settingsWindow().pushPage("proxy"); };
 
-        m_hotspot = card->addChild<NavigationItem>("Hotspot");
+        m_hotspot = card->addChild<NavigationItem>(tr("Hotspot"));
         m_hotspot->setName("network:hotspot");
         m_hotspot->setLeading<RowIcon>("network-wireless-hotspot", Color::rgb(0x2EBC6B));
         m_hotspot->onClicked = [this] { settingsWindow().pushPage("hotspot"); };

src/pages/network/proxy/proxypage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/textchecks.h"
 #include "pages/network/proxy/proxysettings.h"
 #include "ui/button.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings::network {
 
@@ -50,15 +52,15 @@ class ProxyPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit ProxyPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Proxy")
+        : Page(window, tr("Proxy"))
         , m_fileChooser(&window.window())
     {
         Card* modes = content()->addChild<Card>();
-        m_noProxy = addRadio(modes, "No proxy", 0);
+        m_noProxy = addRadio(modes, tr("No proxy"), 0);
         m_noProxy->setName("proxy:none");
-        m_auto = addRadio(modes, "Use proxy auto configuration URL", 1);
+        m_auto = addRadio(modes, tr("Use proxy auto configuration URL"), 1);
         m_auto->setVisible(false);
-        m_manual = addRadio(modes, "Use manually specified proxy configuration", 2);
+        m_manual = addRadio(modes, tr("Use manually specified proxy configuration"), 2);
         m_manual->setName("proxy:manual");
 
         m_proxyItem = content()->addChild<Card>();
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ public:
         m_script = m_scriptRow->addChild<TextField>(m_proxy.scriptProxy());
         m_script->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_script->onTextEdited = [this] { markChanged(); };
-        Button* selectFile = m_scriptRow->addChild<Button>("Select file");
+        Button* selectFile = m_scriptRow->addChild<Button>(tr("Select file"));
         selectFile->onClicked = [this] { m_fileChooser.open(); };
         m_fileChooser.onAccepted = [this](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
             if (paths.empty())
@@ -81,12 +83,12 @@ public:
         m_grid = m_proxyItem->addChild<GridLayout>(4);
         m_grid->setColumnSpacing(metrics::rowSpacing);
         m_grid->setRowSpacing(metrics::formRowSpacing);
-        addLabel("HTTP proxy");
+        addLabel(tr("HTTP proxy"));
         m_http = addHostField(m_proxy.httpProxy());
-        addLabel("Port");
+        addLabel(tr("Port"));
         m_httpPort = addPortField(m_proxy.httpProxyPort());
         addSpacer();
-        m_forFtp = m_grid->addChild<CheckBox>("Also use this proxy for FTP");
+        m_forFtp = m_grid->addChild<CheckBox>(tr("Also use this proxy for FTP"));
         m_forFtp->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_forFtp->setChecked(m_proxy.useSameProxy());
         m_forFtp->onToggled = [this](bool) {
@@ -95,20 +97,20 @@ public:
         };
         addSpacer();
         addSpacer();
-        addLabel("FTP proxy");
+        addLabel(tr("FTP proxy"));
         m_ftp = addHostField(m_proxy.ftpProxy());
-        addLabel("Port");
+        addLabel(tr("Port"));
         m_ftpPort = addPortField(m_proxy.ftpProxyPort());
-        addLabel("SOCKS proxy");
+        addLabel(tr("SOCKS proxy"));
         m_socks = addHostField(m_proxy.socksProxy());
-        addLabel("Port");
+        addLabel(tr("Port"));
         m_socksPort = addPortField(m_proxy.socksProxyPort());
 
         m_divider = m_proxyItem->addChild<Divider>();
         m_saveRow = m_proxyItem->addChild<RowLayout>();
         m_saveRow->setSpacing(metrics::rowSpacing);
         m_saveRow->addChild<View>()->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        Button* save = m_saveRow->addChild<Button>("Save");
+        Button* save = m_saveRow->addChild<Button>(tr("Save"));
         save->onClicked = [this] { saveFields(); };
 
         m_subscription = m_proxy.changed.connect([this](unsigned fields) { reload(fields); });

src/pages/network/vpn/vpndialogs.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/formscroll.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/networklist.h"
 #include "pages/network/vpn/vpneditor.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,8 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -93,17 +96,17 @@ void AddVpnDialog::show()
         return;
     m_adding = false;
     m_error.clear();
-    m_dialog = std::make_unique<FormDialog>(m_window, "Add VPN", kWidth);
+    m_dialog = std::make_unique<FormDialog>(m_window, tr("Add VPN"), kWidth);
     ColumnLayout* content = m_dialog->content();
 
     RowLayout* kindRow = content->addChild<RowLayout>();
     kindRow->setSpacing(metrics::dialogSpacing);
     kindRow->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-    m_kindLabel = kindRow->addChild<Label>("Type");
+    m_kindLabel = kindRow->addChild<Label>(tr("Type"));
     m_kinds = m_handler.vpnKinds();
     std::vector<std::string> labels;
     for (const nm::vpn::Kind& kind : m_kinds)
-        labels.push_back(kind.installed ? kind.label : kind.label + " (Not Installed)");
+        labels.push_back(kind.installed ? kind.label : format(tr("{type} (Not Installed)"), {{"type", kind.label}}));
     m_kindBox = kindRow->addChild<ComboBox>(labels);
     m_kindBox->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_kindBox->setCurrentIndex(0);
@@ -127,9 +130,9 @@ void AddVpnDialog::show()
 
     m_errorLabel = content->addChild<MessageLabel>();
     RowLayout* buttons = m_dialog->addButtonRow();
-    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     cancel->onClicked = [this] { m_dialog->close(); };
-    m_addButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Add", true);
+    m_addButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Add"), true);
     m_addButton->onClicked = [this] { add(); };
 
     loadKind();
@@ -196,19 +199,21 @@ VpnDetailsDialog::VpnDetailsDialog(SettingsWindow& window, NetworkList& list, nm
     m_scroll = formCard->addChild<FormScroll>(std::move(editor), metrics::cardHorizontalPadding);
 
     m_statusCard = m_content->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-    m_type = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>("Type");
-    m_status = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>("Status");
-    m_address = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>("IPv4 address");
-    m_export = m_statusCard->addChild<ListRow>("Export to file…");
+    m_type = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Type"));
+    m_status = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("Status"));
+    m_address = m_statusCard->addChild<InfoRow>(tr("IPv4 address"));
+    m_export = m_statusCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Export to file…"));
     m_export->onClicked = [this] {
         m_exportChooser = std::make_unique<FileChooser>(m_dialog->window());
         m_exportChooser->setMode(FileChooser::Mode::SaveFile);
-        m_exportChooser->setTitle("Export VPN Configuration");
+        m_exportChooser->setTitle(tr("Export VPN Configuration"));
         std::string patterns;
         for (const std::string& pattern : m_editor->form().exportPatterns)
             patterns += (patterns.empty() ? "" : " ") + pattern;
-        m_exportChooser->setFilters({FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("VPN configurations (" + patterns + ")"),
-                                     FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("All files (*)")});
+        m_exportChooser->setFilters(
+                {FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(format(tr("VPN configurations ({patterns})"),
+                                                            {{"patterns", patterns}})),
+                 FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(tr("All files (*)"))});
         m_exportChooser->onAccepted = [this](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
             if (paths.empty())
                 return;
@@ -224,16 +229,16 @@ VpnDetailsDialog::VpnDetailsDialog(SettingsWindow& window, NetworkList& list, nm
     RowLayout* buttons = m_content->addChild<RowLayout>();
     buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
     buttons->setLayoutHints({.horizontalAlignment = Alignment::End});
-    DialogButton* remove = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Remove VPN");
+    DialogButton* remove = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Remove VPN"));
     remove->setDestructive(true);
     remove->onClicked = [this] {
         m_handler.removeConnection(m_connectionPath);
         close();
     };
     buttons->addChild<View>()->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     cancel->onClicked = [this] { close(); };
-    m_saveButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Save", true);
+    m_saveButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Save"), true);
     m_saveButton->onClicked = [this] { save(); };
 
     // A long form scrolls instead of outgrowing the main window.
@@ -320,14 +325,14 @@ void VpnDetailsDialog::update()
 
     m_dialog->setTitle(row->name);
     m_type->setValue(row->vpnType);
-    m_status->setValue(row->connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activated    ? "Connected"
-                       : row->connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activating ? "Connecting…"
-                                                                                   : "Not connected");
+    m_status->setValue(row->connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activated    ? tr("Connected")
+                       : row->connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activating ? tr("Connecting…")
+                                                                                   : tr("Not connected"));
     m_address->setValue(row->connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activated ? row->ipV4Address : std::string());
     m_export->setVisible(m_editor->form().exportable);
     static_cast<MessageLabel*>(m_message)
         ->setMessage(!m_error.empty() ? m_error : row->statusMessage, !m_error.empty());
-    m_saveButton->setText(m_saving ? "Saving…" : "Save");
+    m_saveButton->setText(m_saving ? tr("Saving…") : tr("Save"));
     m_saveButton->setEnabled(!m_saving && m_editor->complete());
     m_scroll->requestLayout();
 }

src/pages/network/vpn/vpneditor.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <climits>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/types.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/textchecks.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/rows.h"
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 namespace schema = cutefish::networkmanager::vpn::schema;
 
@@ -213,7 +216,7 @@ private:
             hasAdvanced |= field.advanced;
         }
 
-        m_link = addChild<LinkLabel>("Show advanced options");
+        m_link = addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Show advanced options"));
         m_link->setVisible(hasAdvanced);
         m_link->onClicked = [this] {
             m_advancedShown = !m_advancedShown;
@@ -254,7 +257,7 @@ private:
         switch (field.type) {
         case schema::Type::Password: {
             row.text = row.row->addChild<TextField>();
-            row.text->setPlaceholder("Asked on connect");
+            row.text->setPlaceholder(tr("Asked on connect"));
             row.text->setEchoMode(TextField::EchoMode::Password);
             row.text->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
             const std::string key = field.key;
@@ -274,12 +277,12 @@ private:
         }
         case schema::Type::File: {
             row.text = row.row->addChild<TextField>();
-            row.text->setPlaceholder(field.required ? "Required" : "Optional");
+            row.text->setPlaceholder(field.required ? tr("Required") : tr("Optional"));
             row.text->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
             const std::string key = field.key;
             row.text->onTextEdited = [this, key, text = row.text] { setValue(key, text->text()); };
             row.text->onAccepted = [this] { accepted(); };
-            Button* choose = row.row->addChild<Button>("Choose…");
+            Button* choose = row.row->addChild<Button>(tr("Choose…"));
             choose->setLayoutHints({.fillHeight = true});
             const std::string title = field.label;
             choose->onClicked = [this, key, title] {
@@ -320,8 +323,8 @@ private:
             const bool number = field.type == schema::Type::Number;
             row.text = row.row->addChild<TextField>();
             row.text->setPlaceholder(!field.placeholder.empty() ? field.placeholder
-                                     : field.required           ? "Required"
-                                                                : "Optional");
+                                     : field.required           ? tr("Required")
+                                                                : tr("Optional"));
             row.text->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
             if (number) {
                 const long long maximum = field.maximum > 0 ? field.maximum : INT_MAX;
@@ -339,10 +342,10 @@ private:
     void loadStorage(FieldRow& row)
     {
         const uint32_t saveFlags = m_shared ? nm::SecretSystemOwned : nm::SecretAgentOwned;
-        std::vector<std::string> labels{m_shared ? "Saved for all" : "Saved", "Ask each time"};
+        std::vector<std::string> labels{m_shared ? tr("Saved for all") : tr("Saved"), tr("Ask each time")};
         row.storageValues = {saveFlags, nm::SecretNotSaved};
         if (row.field->allowNotRequired) {
-            labels.push_back("Not needed");
+            labels.push_back(tr("Not needed"));
             row.storageValues.push_back(nm::SecretNotRequired);
         }
         row.storage->setItems(labels);
@@ -410,7 +413,7 @@ private:
                 row.storage->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = !saving, .preferredWidth = 120});
             }
         }
-        m_link->setText(m_advancedShown ? "Hide advanced options" : "Show advanced options");
+        m_link->setText(m_advancedShown ? tr("Hide advanced options") : tr("Show advanced options"));
         m_advanced->setVisible(m_advancedShown);
         requestLayout();
         changed();
@@ -442,12 +445,12 @@ public:
         setSpacing(metrics::formRowSpacing);
         setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
-        m_privateKey = addField(this, "Private key", "Required");
+        m_privateKey = addField(this, tr("Private key"), tr("Required"));
         m_privateKey->setEchoMode(TextField::EchoMode::Password);
-        m_address = addField(this, "Address", "10.0.0.2/24");
-        m_dns = addField(this, "DNS", "Optional");
+        m_address = addField(this, tr("Address"), "10.0.0.2/24");
+        m_dns = addField(this, tr("DNS"), tr("Optional"));
 
-        m_link = addChild<LinkLabel>("Show advanced options");
+        m_link = addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Show advanced options"));
         m_link->onClicked = [this] {
             m_advancedShown = !m_advancedShown;
             update();
@@ -456,15 +459,15 @@ public:
         m_advanced = addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         m_advanced->setSpacing(metrics::formRowSpacing);
         m_advanced->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        m_interface = addField(m_advanced, "Interface name", "From the name");
+        m_interface = addField(m_advanced, tr("Interface name"), tr("From the name"));
         m_interface->setMaximumLength(15);
-        m_listenPort = addField(m_advanced, "Listen port", "Automatic");
+        m_listenPort = addField(m_advanced, tr("Listen port"), tr("Automatic"));
         m_listenPort->setValidator([](std::string_view text) { return isNumberText(text, 65535); });
-        m_fwmark = addField(m_advanced, "Firewall mark", "Optional");
-        m_mtu = addField(m_advanced, "MTU", "Automatic");
+        m_fwmark = addField(m_advanced, tr("Firewall mark"), tr("Optional"));
+        m_mtu = addField(m_advanced, tr("MTU"), tr("Automatic"));
         m_mtu->setValidator([](std::string_view text) { return isNumberText(text, INT_MAX); });
         RowLayout* routes = addFormRow(m_advanced);
-        Label* routesLabel = routes->addChild<Label>("Add routes for the peers' allowed IPs");
+        Label* routesLabel = routes->addChild<Label>(tr("Add routes for the peers' allowed IPs"));
         routesLabel->setWrap(true);
         routesLabel->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_peerRoutes = routes->addChild<Switch>();
@@ -474,7 +477,7 @@ public:
         m_peers = addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         m_peers->setSpacing(metrics::formRowSpacing);
         m_peers->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        m_addPeer = addChild<LinkLabel>("Add peer");
+        m_addPeer = addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Add peer"));
         m_addPeer->onClicked = [this] {
             addPeer({});
             update();
@@ -599,10 +602,10 @@ private:
         card.card->setPadding(Margins::all(metrics::cardHorizontalPadding));
         card.card->setSpacing(metrics::formRowSpacing);
         RowLayout* header = addFormRow(card.card);
-        card.title = header->addChild<Label>("Peer");
+        card.title = header->addChild<Label>(tr("Peer"));
         card.title->setWeight(600);
         card.title->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        card.remove = header->addChild<Button>("Remove");
+        card.remove = header->addChild<Button>(tr("Remove"));
         Card* owner = card.card;
         card.remove->onClicked = [this, owner] {
             const auto found = std::find_if(m_peerCards.begin(), m_peerCards.end(),
@@ -617,17 +620,19 @@ private:
             update();
             cutefish::base::EventLoop::current()->post([gone] {});
         };
-        card.publicKey = addField(card.card, "Public key", "Required");
+        card.publicKey = addField(card.card, tr("Public key"), tr("Required"));
         card.publicKey->setText(peer.publicKey);
-        card.presharedKey = addField(card.card, "Preshared key", peer.hasPresharedKey ? "Kept" : "Optional");
+        card.presharedKey = addField(card.card, tr("Preshared key"),
+                                     // TRANSLATORS: a placeholder: the stored key stays unless a new one is typed.
+                                     peer.hasPresharedKey ? tr("Kept") : tr("Optional"));
         card.presharedKey->setEchoMode(TextField::EchoMode::Password);
         card.presharedKey->setText(peer.presharedKey);
         card.hasPresharedKey = peer.hasPresharedKey;
-        card.endpoint = addField(card.card, "Endpoint", "vpn.example.com:51820");
+        card.endpoint = addField(card.card, tr("Endpoint"), "vpn.example.com:51820");
         card.endpoint->setText(peer.endpoint);
-        card.allowedIps = addField(card.card, "Allowed IPs", "All traffic");
+        card.allowedIps = addField(card.card, tr("Allowed IPs"), tr("All traffic"));
         card.allowedIps->setText(peer.allowedIps);
-        card.keepalive = addField(card.card, "Keepalive", "Off");
+        card.keepalive = addField(card.card, tr("Keepalive"), tr("Off"));
         card.keepalive->setValidator([](std::string_view text) { return isNumberText(text, 65535); });
         card.keepalive->setText(peer.keepalive);
         std::copy(m_labels.end() - 5, m_labels.end(), card.labels);
@@ -651,11 +656,12 @@ private:
 
     void update()
     {
-        m_link->setText(m_advancedShown ? "Hide advanced options" : "Show advanced options");
+        m_link->setText(m_advancedShown ? tr("Hide advanced options") : tr("Show advanced options"));
         m_advanced->setVisible(m_advancedShown);
         const bool several = m_peerCards.size() > 1;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < m_peerCards.size(); ++i) {
-            m_peerCards[i].title->setText(several ? "Peer " + std::to_string(i + 1) : std::string("Peer"));
+            m_peerCards[i].title->setText(several ? format(tr("Peer {number}"), {{"number", std::to_string(i + 1)}})
+                                                  : std::string(tr("Peer")));
             m_peerCards[i].remove->setVisible(several);
             // The card's own air above it.
             m_peerCards[i].card->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true, .margins = {0, metrics::s, 0, 0}});
@@ -695,9 +701,9 @@ VpnEditor::VpnEditor()
 
     m_nameRow = addFormRow(this);
     std::vector<Label*> unused;
-    m_nameLabel = addFieldLabel(m_nameRow, "Name", unused);
+    m_nameLabel = addFieldLabel(m_nameRow, tr("Name"), unused);
     m_name = m_nameRow->addChild<TextField>();
-    m_name->setPlaceholder("Optional");
+    m_name->setPlaceholder(tr("Optional"));
     m_name->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_name->onAccepted = [this] {
         if (onAccepted)
@@ -716,12 +722,12 @@ VpnEditor::VpnEditor()
         setTrailingSwitchPadding(toggle);
         return toggle;
     };
-    m_shared = addSwitch("Available to all users");
+    m_shared = addSwitch(tr("Available to all users"));
     m_shared->onToggled = [this](bool checked) {
         if (m_plugin)
             m_plugin->setShared(checked);
     };
-    m_ownNetworkOnly = addSwitch("Use only for resources on its network");
+    m_ownNetworkOnly = addSwitch(tr("Use only for resources on its network"));
 }
 
 VpnEditor::~VpnEditor() = default;
@@ -763,7 +769,7 @@ void VpnEditor::load(const nm::VpnForm& form)
         addChild(std::move(switches));
     }
 
-    m_notInstalled->setText("Install " + form.package + " to set up this kind of VPN.");
+    m_notInstalled->setText(format(tr("Install {package} to set up this kind of VPN."), {{"package", form.package}}));
     m_notInstalled->setVisible(!form.installed && !form.kind.empty());
     m_nameRow->setVisible(form.installed);
     m_switches->setVisible(form.installed);

src/pages/network/vpn/vpnpage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/networklist.h"
 #include "pages/network/common/rows.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -71,8 +74,8 @@ public:
                           || item.connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Deactivating;
         m_name->setText(item.name);
         m_detail->setText(!item.statusMessage.empty()                               ? item.statusMessage
-                          : item.connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activating ? std::string("Connecting…")
-                          : needsUserName()                                          ? std::string("Add your user name to connect.")
+                          : item.connectionState == nm::ConnectionStatus::Activating ? std::string(tr("Connecting…"))
+                          : needsUserName()                                          ? std::string(tr("Add your user name to connect."))
                                                                                      : item.vpnType);
         m_problem = !item.statusMessage.empty() && item.canActivate;
         m_busy->setVisible(busy);
@@ -122,7 +125,7 @@ class VpnPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit VpnPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "VPN")
+        : Page(window, tr("VPN"))
         , m_addDialog(window, m_handler)
         , m_importChooser(&window.window())
     {
@@ -142,17 +145,18 @@ public:
             };
             return row;
         });
-        m_add = m_card->addChild<ListRow>("Add VPN…");
+        m_add = m_card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Add VPN…"));
         m_add->setName("vpn:add");
         m_add->onClicked = [this] { m_addDialog.show(); };
-        m_import = m_card->addChild<ListRow>("Import from file…");
+        m_import = m_card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Import from file…"));
         m_import->setName("vpn:import");
         m_import->onClicked = [this] {
             m_importChooser.open();
         };
-        m_importChooser.setTitle("Import VPN Configuration");
-        m_importChooser.setFilters({FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("VPN configurations (*.ovpn *.conf *.pcf)"),
-                                    FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("All files (*)")});
+        m_importChooser.setTitle(tr("Import VPN Configuration"));
+        m_importChooser.setFilters({FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(format(tr("VPN configurations ({patterns})"),
+                                                                               {{"patterns", "*.ovpn *.conf *.pcf"}})),
+                                    FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(tr("All files (*)"))});
         m_importChooser.onAccepted = [this](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
             if (paths.empty())
                 return;
@@ -217,10 +221,10 @@ private:
 
         m_add->setEnabled(!m_importing);
         m_import->setEnabled(!m_importing);
-        m_import->setText(m_importing ? "Importing…" : "Import from file…");
+        m_import->setText(m_importing ? tr("Importing…") : tr("Import from file…"));
         m_note->setText(!m_importError.empty() ? m_importError
-                                               : "Import the configuration file your VPN provider gives you, such as an "
-                                                 "OpenVPN .ovpn or a WireGuard .conf file.");
+                                               : tr("Import the configuration file your VPN provider gives you, such "
+                                                    "as an OpenVPN .ovpn or a WireGuard .conf file."));
         requestLayout();
     }
 

src/pages/network/wlan/newnetworkdialog.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cctype>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/combo_box.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
@@ -17,6 +18,9 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -30,14 +34,15 @@ struct SecurityChoice
 };
 
 static const SecurityChoice kSecurities[] = {
-    {"Open", "none"},
+    // TRANSLATORS: a Wi-Fi network's security: none, anyone can join.
+    {trNoop("Open"), "none"},
     {"WEP", "wep"},
     {"WPA", "wpa"},
     {"WPA2/WPA3", "wpa2-wpa3"},
     {"WPA3", "wpa3"},
-    {"WPA Enterprise", "wpa-eap"},
-    {"WPA2 Enterprise", "wpa2-eap"},
-    {"WPA3 Enterprise", "wpa3-eap"},
+    {trNoop("WPA Enterprise"), "wpa-eap"},
+    {trNoop("WPA2 Enterprise"), "wpa2-eap"},
+    {trNoop("WPA3 Enterprise"), "wpa3-eap"},
 };
 static constexpr int kDefaultSecurity = 3;
 
@@ -102,7 +107,8 @@ bool NewNetworkDialog::isOpen() const
 
 std::string NewNetworkDialog::title() const
 {
-    return m_accessPoint.empty() ? std::string("Add Other Network") : "Join “" + m_networkName + "”";
+    return m_accessPoint.empty() ? std::string(tr("Add Other Network"))
+                                 : format(tr("Join “{network}”"), {{"network", m_networkName}});
 }
 
 std::string NewNetworkDialog::security() const
@@ -188,20 +194,20 @@ void NewNetworkDialog::build()
         return field;
     };
 
-    m_nameLabel = addLabel("Name");
-    m_name = addField("Network name");
-    m_securityLabel = addLabel("Security");
+    m_nameLabel = addLabel(tr("Name"));
+    m_name = addField(tr("Network name"));
+    m_securityLabel = addLabel(tr("Security"));
     std::vector<std::string> securities;
     for (const SecurityChoice& choice : kSecurities)
-        securities.push_back(choice.text);
+        securities.push_back(tr(choice.text));
     m_security = m_form->addChild<ComboBox>(securities);
     m_security->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
     m_security->setCurrentIndex(kDefaultSecurity);
     m_security->onActivated = [this](int) { update(); };
-    m_userNameLabel = addLabel("Username");
-    m_userName = addField("Username");
-    m_passwordLabel = addLabel("Password");
-    m_password = addField("Password");
+    m_userNameLabel = addLabel(tr("Username"));
+    m_userName = addField(tr("Username"));
+    m_passwordLabel = addLabel(tr("Password"));
+    m_password = addField(tr("Password"));
     m_password->setEchoMode(TextField::EchoMode::Password);
 
     // Hidden rows leave the grid, so the fields would move as they appear.
@@ -211,14 +217,15 @@ void NewNetworkDialog::build()
     for (Label* label : m_labels)
         label->setLayoutHints({.preferredWidth = labelWidth});
 
-    m_certificateNote = content->addChild<Label>("This network signs in with a certificate, which can't be set up here yet.");
+    m_certificateNote =
+            content->addChild<Label>(tr("This network signs in with a certificate, which can't be set up here yet."));
     m_certificateNote->setWrap(true);
     m_certificateNote->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
     RowLayout* buttons = m_dialog->addButtonRow();
-    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Cancel");
+    DialogButton* cancel = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Cancel"));
     cancel->onClicked = [this] { close(); };
-    m_joinButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Join", true);
+    m_joinButton = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Join"), true);
     m_joinButton->onClicked = [this] { join(); };
 }
 

src/pages/network/wlan/wlanpage.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/timer.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/connections.h"
 #include "cutefish/networkmanager/handler.h"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
 using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 namespace nm = cutefish::networkmanager;
 
 namespace settings::network {
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ class WlanPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit WlanPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Wi-Fi")
+        : Page(window, tr("Wi-Fi"))
         , m_newNetwork(window)
     {
         content()->setSpacing(metrics::sectionSpacing);
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ public:
         m_view->setSpacing(metrics::sectionSpacing);
         m_view->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_mainCard = m_view->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_switch = m_mainCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Wi-Fi");
+        m_switch = m_mainCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Wi-Fi"));
         m_switch->setName("wlan:switch");
         m_switch->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { wirelessToggled(checked); };
         m_currentRows = std::make_unique<KeyedRows<WifiRow>>([this](View* parent) { return makeRow(parent); });
@@ -78,13 +80,13 @@ public:
         m_hotspotRow = m_mainCard->addChild<ListRow>();
         m_hotspotRow->setName("wlan:hotspot");
         m_hotspotRow->setLeading<Icon>("network-wireless-hotspot", 18);
-        m_hotspotLabel = m_hotspotRow->addContent<Label>("Hotspot");
+        m_hotspotLabel = m_hotspotRow->addContent<Label>(tr("Hotspot"));
         m_hotspotChevron = m_hotspotRow->addContent<TrailingIcon>("chevron-right", 16);
         m_hotspotRow->onClicked = [this] { settingsWindow().switchToPage("hotspot"); };
 
-        m_known = addSection("Known networks", false);
+        m_known = addSection(tr("Known networks"), false);
         m_known.section->setName("wlan:known");
-        m_other = addSection("Other networks", true);
+        m_other = addSection(tr("Other networks"), true);
         m_other.section->setName("wlan:other");
         m_other.footer->setName("wlan:addOther");
 
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@ private:
         section.card = section.section->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         section.rows = std::make_unique<KeyedRows<WifiRow>>([this](View* parent) { return makeRow(parent); });
         if (footer) {
-            section.footer = section.card->addChild<ListRow>("Add other…");
+            section.footer = section.card->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Add other…"));
             // Lines the text up with the network names beside their icons.
             View* spacer = section.footer->setLeading<View>();
             spacer->setLayoutHints({.preferredWidth = 18, .preferredHeight = 18});

src/pages/notifications/notificationspage.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Reion Wong <reionwong@gmail.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/notifications/notifications.h"
 #include "ui/icon.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "window/pagelist.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -22,24 +24,24 @@ class NotificationsPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit NotificationsPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Notifications")
+        : Page(window, tr("Notifications"))
     {
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_doNotDisturb = card->addChild<SwitchRow>("Do Not Disturb");
+        m_doNotDisturb = card->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Do Not Disturb"));
         m_doNotDisturb->setChecked(m_notifications.doNotDisturb());
         m_doNotDisturb->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_notifications.setDoNotDisturb(checked); };
         m_subscriptions.push_back(m_notifications.doNotDisturbChanged.connect(
                 [this] { m_doNotDisturb->setChecked(m_notifications.doNotDisturb()); }));
 
-        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>("Applications");
+        Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Applications"));
         m_empty = section->addChild<Card>();
-        m_emptyLabel = m_empty->addChild<Label>("Applications appear here after they send a notification.");
+        m_emptyLabel = m_empty->addChild<Label>(tr("Applications appear here after they send a notification."));
         m_emptyLabel->setWrap(true);
         m_emptyLabel->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_list = section->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_footnote = section->addChild<Footnote>(
-                "Notifications that skip the banner still go to the Notification Center. Turned off, "
-                "they are dropped.");
+                tr("Notifications that skip the banner still go to the Notification Center. Turned off, "
+                   "they are dropped."));
         m_subscriptions.push_back(m_notifications.applicationsChanged.connect([this] { updateApplications(); }));
         updateApplications();
     }
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ private:
             row->setLeading<ThemeIcon>(application.icon.empty() ? "application-x-executable" : application.icon, 24);
             // Indexes follow Notifications::ApplicationMode.
             RowComboBox* mode = row->addContent<RowComboBox>(
-                    std::vector<std::string>{"Banners", "Notification Center only", "Off"});
+                    std::vector<std::string>{tr("Banners"), tr("Notification Center only"), tr("Off")});
             mode->setCurrentIndex(application.mode);
             const std::string key = application.key;
             mode->onActivated = [this, key](int index) { m_notifications.setApplicationMode(key, index); };

src/pages/power/powerpage.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/signal.h"
 #include "pages/power/powersettings.h"
 #include "cutefish/powerprofiles/power_profiles.h"
@@ -26,14 +27,23 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trn;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 
 namespace settings {
 
 namespace {
 
 const std::vector<int> kTimeouts{60, 120, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1800, -1};
-const std::vector<std::string> kTimeoutNames{"1 minute",   "2 minutes",  "5 minutes",  "10 minutes",
-                                             "15 minutes", "20 minutes", "30 minutes", "Never"};
+
+std::vector<std::string> timeoutNames()
+{
+    std::vector<std::string> names;
+    for (const int timeout : kTimeouts)
+        names.push_back(timeout < 0 ? tr("Never") : trn("{n} minute", "{n} minutes", uint64_t(timeout / 60)));
+    return names;
+}
 
 int timeoutToIndex(int timeout)
 {
@@ -51,25 +61,25 @@ struct ProfileTile
 };
 
 constexpr ProfileTile kProfileTiles[] = {
-    {"power-saver", "images/powersave.svg", "Power save"},
-    {"balanced", "images/balanced.svg", "Balanced"},
-    {"performance", "images/performance.svg", "Performance"},
+    {"power-saver", "images/powersave.svg", trNoop("Power save")},
+    {"balanced", "images/balanced.svg", trNoop("Balanced")},
+    {"performance", "images/performance.svg", trNoop("Performance")},
 };
 
 class PowerPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit PowerPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Power")
+        : Page(window, tr("Power"))
     {
         // Mode.
-        m_mode = content()->addChild<Section>("Mode");
+        m_mode = content()->addChild<Section>(tr("Mode"));
         m_mode->setName("power:mode");
         Card* modes = m_mode->addChild<Card>();
         RowLayout* tiles = modes->addChild<RowLayout>();
         tiles->setSpacing(metrics::tileSpacing);
         for (const ProfileTile& tile : kProfileTiles) {
-            ImageSelectionItem* item = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath(tile.picture), tile.name,
+            ImageSelectionItem* item = tiles->addChild<ImageSelectionItem>(dataPath(tile.picture), tr(tile.name),
                                                                            SizeF{80, 80});
             const std::string profile = tile.profile;
             item->onClicked = [this, profile] { m_profiles.setActiveProfile(profile); };
@@ -82,17 +92,17 @@ public:
 
         // Display and sleep.
         Card* idle = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_batteryRow = idle->addChild<ListRow>("Turn off display when inactive on battery");
+        m_batteryRow = idle->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Turn off display when inactive on battery"));
         m_batteryRow->setName("power:batteryscreenoff");
         m_batteryRow->setInteractive(false);
-        RowComboBox* batteryScreenOff = m_batteryRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(kTimeoutNames);
+        RowComboBox* batteryScreenOff = m_batteryRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(timeoutNames());
         batteryScreenOff->setCurrentIndex(timeoutToIndex(m_settings.batteryScreenOff()));
         batteryScreenOff->onActivated = [this](int index) { m_settings.setBatteryScreenOff(kTimeouts[index]); };
 
         m_acRow = idle->addChild<ListRow>();
         m_acRow->setName("power:acscreenoff");
         m_acRow->setInteractive(false);
-        RowComboBox* acScreenOff = m_acRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(kTimeoutNames);
+        RowComboBox* acScreenOff = m_acRow->addContent<RowComboBox>(timeoutNames());
         acScreenOff->setCurrentIndex(timeoutToIndex(m_settings.acScreenOff()));
         acScreenOff->onActivated = [this](int index) { m_settings.setACScreenOff(kTimeouts[index]); };
 
@@ -129,21 +139,21 @@ private:
 
         std::string description;
         if (active == "power-saver")
-            description = "Reduces performance and power consumption.";
+            description = tr("Reduces performance and power consumption.");
         else if (active == "balanced")
-            description = "Standard performance and power consumption.";
+            description = tr("Standard performance and power consumption.");
         else if (active == "performance")
-            description = "Higher performance, with more power consumption and heat.";
+            description = tr("Higher performance, with more power consumption and heat.");
         m_description->setText(description);
         m_description->setVisible(!description.empty());
 
         const std::string& degraded = m_profiles.performanceDegraded();
         if (degraded.find("lap-detected") != std::string::npos)
-            m_degraded->setText("Performance is limited because the computer is on your lap.");
+            m_degraded->setText(tr("Performance is limited because the computer is on your lap."));
         else if (degraded.find("high-operating-temperature") != std::string::npos)
-            m_degraded->setText("Performance is limited because the computer is too hot.");
+            m_degraded->setText(tr("Performance is limited because the computer is too hot."));
         else
-            m_degraded->setText("Performance is currently limited.");
+            m_degraded->setText(tr("Performance is currently limited."));
         m_degraded->setVisible(active == "performance" && !degraded.empty());
     }
 
@@ -151,10 +161,10 @@ private:
     {
         const bool battery = hasBattery();
         m_batteryRow->setVisible(battery);
-        m_acRow->setText(battery ? "Turn off display when inactive on power adapter"
-                                 : "Turn off display when inactive");
-        m_preventSleep->setText(battery ? "Prevent automatic sleeping on power adapter when the display is off"
-                                        : "Prevent automatic sleeping when the display is off");
+        m_acRow->setText(battery ? tr("Turn off display when inactive on power adapter")
+                                 : tr("Turn off display when inactive"));
+        m_preventSleep->setText(battery ? tr("Prevent automatic sleeping on power adapter when the display is off")
+                                        : tr("Prevent automatic sleeping when the display is off"));
     }
 
     powerprofiles::PowerProfiles m_profiles;

src/pages/shortcuts/shortcuteditdialog.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon-keysyms.h>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/shortcuts/shortcutkeys.h"
 #include "ui/dialog_window.h"
 #include "ui/event.h"
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -115,13 +117,13 @@ public:
         m_prompt = m_row->addChild<Label>();
         m_keys = m_row->addChild<ShortcutKeys>();
         m_row->addChild<View>()->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        m_cancel = m_row->addChild<LinkLabel>("Cancel");
+        m_cancel = m_row->addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Cancel"));
         m_cancel->onClicked = [this] { m_dialog.stopRecording(); };
     }
 
     void setState(bool replacing, const std::vector<std::string>& parts)
     {
-        m_prompt->setText(replacing ? "Press the new shortcut…" : "Press the shortcut…");
+        m_prompt->setText(replacing ? tr("Press the new shortcut…") : tr("Press the shortcut…"));
         m_prompt->setVisible(parts.empty());
         m_keys->setParts(parts);
         m_keys->setVisible(!parts.empty());
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ ShortcutEditDialog::ShortcutEditDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, ShortcutsModel& m
     , m_action(std::move(action))
 {
     ColumnLayout* column = content();
-    m_noShortcut = column->addChild<Label>("No shortcut. Add one below.");
+    m_noShortcut = column->addChild<Label>(tr("No shortcut. Add one below."));
     // The accelerators' rows, spaced as the dialog's own items are.
     m_list = column->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
     m_list->setSpacing(metrics::dialogSpacing);
@@ -195,9 +197,9 @@ ShortcutEditDialog::ShortcutEditDialog(SettingsWindow& parent, ShortcutsModel& m
     RowLayout* buttons = column->addChild<RowLayout>();
     buttons->setSpacing(metrics::dialogButtonSpacing);
     buttons->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true, .margins = {0, metrics::xs, 0, 0}});
-    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Add shortcut");
+    m_add = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Add shortcut"));
     m_add->onClicked = [this] { startRecording(std::nullopt); };
-    m_restore = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>("Restore default");
+    m_restore = buttons->addChild<DialogButton>(tr("Restore default"));
     m_restore->onClicked = [this] {
         const ShortcutsModel::Result result = m_model.restoreDefault(m_action);
         m_message = result.message;
@@ -245,15 +247,15 @@ void ShortcutEditDialog::update()
         ShortcutKeys* keys = row->addChild<ShortcutKeys>(accelerator.parts);
         keys->setDimmed(beingReplaced);
         if (accelerator.type == "user") {
-            Label* custom = row->addChild<Label>("Custom");
+            Label* custom = row->addChild<Label>(tr("Custom"));
             custom->setColor(ColorId::DisabledText);
             custom->setFontSize(metrics::points(8));
         }
         row->addChild<View>()->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         if (!m_recording) {
-            LinkLabel* change = row->addChild<LinkLabel>("Change");
+            LinkLabel* change = row->addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Change"));
             change->onClicked = [this, accelerator] { startRecording(accelerator); };
-            LinkLabel* remove = row->addChild<LinkLabel>("Remove");
+            LinkLabel* remove = row->addChild<LinkLabel>(tr("Remove"));
             remove->onClicked = [this, accelerator] {
                 const ShortcutsModel::Result result =
                         m_model.removeAccelerator(m_action, accelerator.keysym, accelerator.modifiers);

src/pages/shortcuts/shortcutsmodel.cpp

@@ -8,10 +8,15 @@
 
 #include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/json.h"
 
 
 using namespace cutefish::base;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -27,52 +32,53 @@ struct Layout
 } // namespace
 
 // The order here is the order on the page, like kAcceleratorLayouts.
-static constexpr const char* kGeneral = "General";
-static constexpr const char* kWindows = "Windows";
-static constexpr const char* kDesks = "Desks";
-static constexpr const char* kScreenshots = "Screenshots and Recording";
+static constexpr const char* kGeneral = trNoop("General");
+// TRANSLATORS: the group of keyboard shortcuts that act on windows.
+static constexpr const char* kWindows = trNoop("Windows");
+static constexpr const char* kDesks = trNoop("Desks");
+static constexpr const char* kScreenshots = trNoop("Screenshots and Recording");
 static const Layout kLayouts[] = {
-        {"toggle-app-list", kGeneral, "Open the launcher"},
-        {"lock-screen", kGeneral, "Lock the screen"},
-        {"toggle-clipboard-history", kGeneral, "Show the clipboard history"},
-
-        {"cycle-forward-mru", kWindows, "Switch to the next window"},
-        {"cycle-backward-mru", kWindows, "Switch to the previous window"},
-        {"toggle-overview", kWindows, "Show all windows"},
-        {"toggle-show-desktop", kWindows, "Show the desktop"},
-        {"toggle-maximized", kWindows, "Maximize or restore the window"},
-        {"window-minimize", kWindows, "Minimize the window"},
-        {"quit-application", kWindows, "Quit the application"},
-        {"hide-application", kWindows, "Hide the application"},
-        {"hide-other-applications", kWindows, "Hide other applications"},
-        {"toggle-fullscreen", kWindows, "Toggle full screen"},
-        {"window-cycle-snap-left", kWindows, "Snap the window to the left"},
-        {"window-cycle-snap-right", kWindows, "Snap the window to the right"},
-        {"close-window", kWindows, "Close the window"},
-        {"move-active-window-between-displays", kWindows, "Move the window to the next display"},
-
-        {"desks-activate-desk-left", kDesks, "Switch to the desk on the left"},
-        {"desks-activate-desk-right", kDesks, "Switch to the desk on the right"},
-        {"desks-move-active-item-left", kDesks, "Move the window to the desk on the left"},
-        {"desks-move-active-item-right", kDesks, "Move the window to the desk on the right"},
-        {"desks-new-desk", kDesks, "Add a desk"},
-        {"desks-remove-current-desk", kDesks, "Remove the desk"},
-        {"desks-activate-0", kDesks, "Switch to desk 1"},
-        {"desks-activate-1", kDesks, "Switch to desk 2"},
-        {"desks-activate-2", kDesks, "Switch to desk 3"},
-        {"desks-activate-3", kDesks, "Switch to desk 4"},
-        {"desks-activate-4", kDesks, "Switch to desk 5"},
-        {"desks-activate-5", kDesks, "Switch to desk 6"},
-        {"desks-activate-6", kDesks, "Switch to desk 7"},
-        {"desks-activate-7", kDesks, "Switch to desk 8"},
-        {"desks-toggle-assign-to-all-desks", kDesks, "Show the window on every desk"},
-
-        {"take-screenshot", kScreenshots, "Save a picture of the screen"},
-        {"take-screenshot-to-clipboard", kScreenshots, "Copy a picture of the screen"},
-        {"take-partial-screenshot", kScreenshots, "Save a picture of the selected area"},
-        {"take-partial-screenshot-to-clipboard", kScreenshots, "Copy a picture of the selected area"},
-        {"start-capture-mode", kScreenshots, "Screenshot and recording options"},
-        {"stop-screen-recording", kScreenshots, "Stop screen recording"},
+        {"toggle-app-list", kGeneral, trNoop("Open the launcher")},
+        {"lock-screen", kGeneral, trNoop("Lock the screen")},
+        {"toggle-clipboard-history", kGeneral, trNoop("Show the clipboard history")},
+
+        {"cycle-forward-mru", kWindows, trNoop("Switch to the next window")},
+        {"cycle-backward-mru", kWindows, trNoop("Switch to the previous window")},
+        {"toggle-overview", kWindows, trNoop("Show all windows")},
+        {"toggle-show-desktop", kWindows, trNoop("Show the desktop")},
+        {"toggle-maximized", kWindows, trNoop("Maximize or restore the window")},
+        {"window-minimize", kWindows, trNoop("Minimize the window")},
+        {"quit-application", kWindows, trNoop("Quit the application")},
+        {"hide-application", kWindows, trNoop("Hide the application")},
+        {"hide-other-applications", kWindows, trNoop("Hide other applications")},
+        {"toggle-fullscreen", kWindows, trNoop("Toggle full screen")},
+        {"window-cycle-snap-left", kWindows, trNoop("Snap the window to the left")},
+        {"window-cycle-snap-right", kWindows, trNoop("Snap the window to the right")},
+        {"close-window", kWindows, trNoop("Close the window")},
+        {"move-active-window-between-displays", kWindows, trNoop("Move the window to the next display")},
+
+        {"desks-activate-desk-left", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to the desk on the left")},
+        {"desks-activate-desk-right", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to the desk on the right")},
+        {"desks-move-active-item-left", kDesks, trNoop("Move the window to the desk on the left")},
+        {"desks-move-active-item-right", kDesks, trNoop("Move the window to the desk on the right")},
+        {"desks-new-desk", kDesks, trNoop("Add a desk")},
+        {"desks-remove-current-desk", kDesks, trNoop("Remove the desk")},
+        {"desks-activate-0", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 1")},
+        {"desks-activate-1", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 2")},
+        {"desks-activate-2", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 3")},
+        {"desks-activate-3", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 4")},
+        {"desks-activate-4", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 5")},
+        {"desks-activate-5", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 6")},
+        {"desks-activate-6", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 7")},
+        {"desks-activate-7", kDesks, trNoop("Switch to desk 8")},
+        {"desks-toggle-assign-to-all-desks", kDesks, trNoop("Show the window on every desk")},
+
+        {"take-screenshot", kScreenshots, trNoop("Save a picture of the screen")},
+        {"take-screenshot-to-clipboard", kScreenshots, trNoop("Copy a picture of the screen")},
+        {"take-partial-screenshot", kScreenshots, trNoop("Save a picture of the selected area")},
+        {"take-partial-screenshot-to-clipboard", kScreenshots, trNoop("Copy a picture of the selected area")},
+        {"start-capture-mode", kScreenshots, trNoop("Screenshot and recording options")},
+        {"stop-screen-recording", kScreenshots, trNoop("Stop screen recording")},
 };
 
 // The keysyms of the keys the Qt version had a Qt key code for besides the
@@ -135,7 +141,7 @@ void ShortcutsModel::reload()
         Action action;
         action.name = layout.name;
         action.category = layout.category;
-        action.description = layout.description;
+        action.description = tr(layout.description);
         for (const json::Value& value : it->second["accelerators"].toArray())
             action.accelerators.push_back(acceleratorFromJson(value));
         for (const json::Value& value : it->second["defaults"].toArray())
@@ -163,41 +169,41 @@ ShortcutsModel::Accelerator ShortcutsModel::acceleratorFromJson(const json::Valu
 std::string ShortcutsModel::keyDisplay(const std::string& keyName, const std::string& keyText) const
 {
     if (keyName == "Super_L" || keyName == "Super_R")
-        return m_commandKeys ? "Command" : "Meta";
-    static const std::map<std::string, std::string> names = {
+        return m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Command") : trc("key", "Meta");
+    const std::map<std::string, std::string> names = {
             {"Up", "↑"},
             {"Down", "↓"},
             {"Left", "←"},
             {"Right", "→"},
-            {"Escape", "Esc"},
-            {"Return", "Enter"},
-            {"KP_Enter", "Enter"},
-            {"space", "Space"},
-            {"BackSpace", "Backspace"},
-            {"Delete", "Delete"},
-            {"Insert", "Insert"},
-            {"Home", "Home"},
-            {"End", "End"},
-            {"Prior", "Page Up"},
-            {"Next", "Page Down"},
-            {"Print", "Print Screen"},
-            {"Tab", "Tab"},
-            {"Menu", "Menu"},
-            {"XF86AudioRaiseVolume", "Volume Up"},
-            {"XF86AudioLowerVolume", "Volume Down"},
-            {"XF86AudioMute", "Mute"},
-            {"XF86MonBrightnessUp", "Brightness Up"},
-            {"XF86MonBrightnessDown", "Brightness Down"},
-            {"XF86AudioPlay", "Play/Pause"},
-            {"XF86AudioPause", "Pause"},
-            {"XF86AudioNext", "Next Track"},
-            {"XF86AudioPrev", "Previous Track"},
-            {"XF86AudioStop", "Stop"},
-            {"XF86Calculator", "Calculator"},
-            {"XF86Explorer", "File Manager"},
-            {"XF86Search", "Search"},
-            {"XF86HomePage", "Home Page"},
-            {"XF86Mail", "Mail"},
+            {"Escape", trc("key", "Esc")},
+            {"Return", trc("key", "Enter")},
+            {"KP_Enter", trc("key", "Enter")},
+            {"space", trc("key", "Space")},
+            {"BackSpace", trc("key", "Backspace")},
+            {"Delete", trc("key", "Delete")},
+            {"Insert", trc("key", "Insert")},
+            {"Home", trc("key", "Home")},
+            {"End", trc("key", "End")},
+            {"Prior", trc("key", "Page Up")},
+            {"Next", trc("key", "Page Down")},
+            {"Print", trc("key", "Print Screen")},
+            {"Tab", trc("key", "Tab")},
+            {"Menu", trc("key", "Menu")},
+            {"XF86AudioRaiseVolume", trc("key", "Volume Up")},
+            {"XF86AudioLowerVolume", trc("key", "Volume Down")},
+            {"XF86AudioMute", trc("key", "Mute")},
+            {"XF86MonBrightnessUp", trc("key", "Brightness Up")},
+            {"XF86MonBrightnessDown", trc("key", "Brightness Down")},
+            {"XF86AudioPlay", trc("key", "Play/Pause")},
+            {"XF86AudioPause", trc("key", "Pause")},
+            {"XF86AudioNext", trc("key", "Next Track")},
+            {"XF86AudioPrev", trc("key", "Previous Track")},
+            {"XF86AudioStop", trc("key", "Stop")},
+            {"XF86Calculator", trc("key", "Calculator")},
+            {"XF86Explorer", trc("key", "File Manager")},
+            {"XF86Search", trc("key", "Search")},
+            {"XF86HomePage", trc("key", "Home Page")},
+            {"XF86Mail", trc("key", "Mail")},
     };
     if (!keyText.empty())
         return keyText;
@@ -226,7 +232,7 @@ template<typename... Args>
 ShortcutsModel::Result ShortcutsModel::call(const std::string& method, const Args&... args)
 {
     if (!m_service.isAvailable())
-        return {.result = "unavailable", .message = "The shortcut service is not available."};
+        return {.result = "unavailable", .message = tr("The shortcut service is not available.")};
     const dbus::Reply reply = m_service.proxy().call(method, args...);
     if (reply.isError()) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Shortcut request %s failed: %s\n", method.c_str(), reply.error().message.c_str());
@@ -251,32 +257,33 @@ std::string ShortcutsModel::messageFor(const std::string& result, const std::str
     if (result == "success")
         return {};
     if (result == "conflict")
-        return "This shortcut is already used by \"" + conflictDescription + "\".";
+        return format(tr("This shortcut is already used by \"{action}\"."), {{"action", conflictDescription}});
     if (result == "conflict-can-override")
-        return "This shortcut is used by \"" + conflictDescription + "\". Press it again to reassign it.";
+        return format(tr("This shortcut is used by \"{action}\". Press it again to reassign it."),
+                      {{"action", conflictDescription}});
     if (result == "missing-modifier") {
-        return m_commandKeys ? "Include Control, Option or Command, or use a function key."
-                             : "Include Ctrl, Alt or Meta, or use a function key.";
+        return m_commandKeys ? tr("Include Control, Option or Command, or use a function key.")
+                             : tr("Include Ctrl, Alt or Meta, or use a function key.");
     }
     if (result == "shift-only-not-allowed") {
-        return m_commandKeys ? "Shift cannot be the only modifier. Add Control, Option or Command."
-                             : "Shift cannot be the only modifier. Add Ctrl, Alt or Meta.";
+        return m_commandKeys ? tr("Shift cannot be the only modifier. Add Control, Option or Command.")
+                             : tr("Shift cannot be the only modifier. Add Ctrl, Alt or Meta.");
     }
     if (result == "key-not-allowed" || result == "reserved-key-not-allowed")
-        return "This key cannot be used in a shortcut.";
+        return tr("This key cannot be used in a shortcut.");
     if (result == "maximum-accelerators-reached")
-        return "This action already has the maximum of five shortcuts.";
+        return tr("This action already has the maximum of five shortcuts.");
     if (result == "non-meta-accelerator-warning") {
-        return m_commandKeys ? "Shortcuts without both Control and Command may be intercepted before applications "
-                               "see them. Press it again to keep it."
-                             : "Shortcuts without Meta may be intercepted before applications see them. Press it "
-                               "again to keep it.";
+        return m_commandKeys ? tr("Shortcuts without both Control and Command may be intercepted before "
+                                  "applications see them. Press it again to keep it.")
+                             : tr("Shortcuts without Meta may be intercepted before applications see them. Press it "
+                                  "again to keep it.");
     }
     if (result == "restore-success-with-conflicts")
-        return "Some default shortcuts are in use by other actions and were not restored.";
+        return tr("Some default shortcuts are in use by other actions and were not restored.");
     if (result == "not-found")
-        return "This shortcut no longer exists.";
-    return "The shortcut could not be changed.";
+        return tr("This shortcut no longer exists.");
+    return tr("The shortcut could not be changed.");
 }
 
 ShortcutsModel::Result ShortcutsModel::addAccelerator(const std::string& action, uint32_t keycode, uint32_t keysym,
@@ -320,13 +327,13 @@ std::vector<std::string> ShortcutsModel::modifierParts(uint32_t modifiers) const
     // bar, Alt is Option and Ctrl is Control.
     std::vector<std::string> parts;
     if (modifiers & ControlDown)
-        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? "Control" : "Ctrl");
+        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Control") : trc("key", "Ctrl"));
     if (modifiers & AltDown)
-        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? "Option" : "Alt");
+        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Option") : trc("key", "Alt"));
     if (modifiers & ShiftDown)
-        parts.push_back("Shift");
+        parts.push_back(trc("key", "Shift"));
     if (modifiers & MetaDown)
-        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? "Command" : "Meta");
+        parts.push_back(m_commandKeys ? trc("key", "Command") : trc("key", "Meta"));
     return parts;
 }
 

src/pages/shortcuts/shortcutspage.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/shortcuts/shortcuteditdialog.h"
 #include "pages/shortcuts/shortcutkeys.h"
 #include "pages/shortcuts/shortcutsmodel.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ public:
     explicit ShortcutRow(const ShortcutsModel::Action& action)
         : ListRow(action.description)
     {
-        m_none = addContent<Label>("None");
+        m_none = addContent<Label>(tr("None"));
         m_none->setVisible(action.accelerators.empty());
         m_keys = addContent<AcceleratorStack>();
         // Air above and below, so a stack of two makes the row grow.
@@ -125,17 +127,17 @@ class ShortcutsPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit ShortcutsPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Keyboard Shortcuts")
+        : Page(window, tr("Keyboard Shortcuts"))
     {
         m_unavailable = content()->addChild<NoteCard>(
-                "Keyboard shortcuts are managed by the Cutefish compositor, which is not running.");
+                tr("Keyboard shortcuts are managed by the Cutefish compositor, which is not running."));
         m_intro = content()->addChild<Footnote>();
         for (const std::string& category : ShortcutsModel::categories()) {
-            Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>(category);
+            Section* section = content()->addChild<Section>(tr(category.c_str()));
             m_sections.push_back(section);
             m_cards.push_back(section->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List));
         }
-        m_restoreAll = content()->addChild<StandardButton>("Restore all defaults");
+        m_restoreAll = content()->addChild<StandardButton>(tr("Restore all defaults"));
         m_restoreAll->setName("shortcuts:restoreAll");
         m_restoreAll->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_restoreAll->onClicked = [this] { confirmRestoreAll(); };
@@ -151,10 +153,10 @@ private:
         m_unavailable->setVisible(!available);
         m_intro->setVisible(available);
         m_intro->setText(m_model.commandKeys()
-                                 ? "Click a system shortcut to change it. Shortcuts with both Control and Command are "
-                                   "the safest choice: applications never get them."
-                                 : "Click a system shortcut to change it. Shortcuts with Meta are the safest choice: "
-                                   "applications never use them.");
+                                 ? tr("Click a system shortcut to change it. Shortcuts with both Control and Command "
+                                      "are the safest choice: applications never get them.")
+                                 : tr("Click a system shortcut to change it. Shortcuts with Meta are the safest "
+                                      "choice: applications never use them."));
         const std::vector<std::string> categories = ShortcutsModel::categories();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < categories.size(); ++i) {
             m_sections[i]->setVisible(available);
@@ -189,11 +191,11 @@ private:
 
     void confirmRestoreAll()
     {
-        m_confirm = std::make_unique<ConfirmDialog>(&settingsWindow().window(), "Restore all defaults",
-                                                    "Every shortcut goes back to its default. Your changes will be "
-                                                    "lost.");
-        m_confirm->setCancelText("Cancel");
-        m_confirm->setConfirmText("Restore");
+        m_confirm = std::make_unique<ConfirmDialog>(&settingsWindow().window(), tr("Restore all defaults"),
+                                                    tr("Every shortcut goes back to its default. Your changes will "
+                                                       "be lost."));
+        m_confirm->setCancelText(tr("Cancel"));
+        m_confirm->setConfirmText(tr("Restore"));
         m_confirm->setDestructive(true);
         m_confirm->onAccepted = [this] { m_model.restoreAllDefaults(); };
         m_confirm->show();

src/pages/sound/soundpage.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/audio/audio_model.h"
 #include "cutefish/audio/backend.h"
 #include "cutefish/audio/volume_monitor.h"
@@ -27,6 +28,9 @@
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::audio;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -34,17 +38,17 @@ namespace settings {
 static std::string deviceType(const AudioObject& device)
 {
     if (device.isVirtualDevice())
-        return "Virtual";
+        return tr("Virtual");
     const std::string bus = device.bus();
     if (bus == "bluetooth")
-        return "Bluetooth";
+        return tr("Bluetooth");
     if (bus == "usb")
         return "USB";
     const std::vector<AudioObject::Choice> ports = device.ports();
     const int active = device.activePortIndex();
     if (active >= 0 && active < int(ports.size()) && ports[active].name.starts_with("hdmi"))
         return "HDMI";
-    return "Built-in";
+    return tr("Built-in");
 }
 
 static bool hasFrontPair(const AudioObject& device)
@@ -140,14 +144,14 @@ class SoundPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit SoundPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Sound")
+        : Page(window, tr("Sound"))
         , m_backend(Backend::shared())
         , m_outputs(AudioObject::Sink, m_backend)
         , m_inputs(AudioObject::Source, m_backend)
         , m_monitor(m_backend)
     {
         m_connecting = content()->addChild<Card>();
-        Label* connecting = m_connecting->addChild<Label>("Connecting to the audio service…");
+        Label* connecting = m_connecting->addChild<Label>(tr("Connecting to the audio service…"));
         connecting->setWrap(true);
         connecting->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
 
@@ -155,13 +159,13 @@ public:
         m_error = m_errorCard->addChild<Label>();
         m_error->setWrap(true);
         m_error->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        Button* dismiss = m_errorCard->addChild<Button>("Dismiss");
+        Button* dismiss = m_errorCard->addChild<Button>(tr("Dismiss"));
         dismiss->onClicked = [this] { setOperationError({}); };
 
         ColumnLayout* devices = content()->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         devices->setSpacing(metrics::l);
         devices->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        m_tabs = devices->addChild<SegmentedControl>(std::vector<std::string>{"Output", "Input"});
+        m_tabs = devices->addChild<SegmentedControl>(std::vector<std::string>{tr("Output"), tr("Input")});
         m_tabs->setName("tabs");
         m_tabs->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_tabs->onCurrentChanged = [this](int) {
@@ -175,7 +179,7 @@ public:
         m_noDevices->setEnabled(false);
 
         m_sliders = devices->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
-        m_outputVolume = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Output volume");
+        m_outputVolume = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Output volume"));
         m_outputVolume->setIcons("audio-volume-zero", "audio-volume-high");
         m_outputVolume->setRange(AudioObject::MinimalVolume, AudioObject::NormalVolume);
         m_outputVolume->setStepSize(0.01);
@@ -186,16 +190,16 @@ public:
                 device->setMuted(value == 0);
             }
         };
-        m_balance = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Balance");
+        m_balance = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Balance"));
         m_balance->setName("balance");
-        m_balance->setCaptions("Left", "Right");
+        m_balance->setCaptions(trc("balance", "Left"), trc("balance", "Right"));
         m_balance->setRange(-1, 1);
         m_balance->setStepSize(0.02);
         m_balance->onMoved = [this](double value) {
             if (const auto device = m_outputs.defaultNode())
                 setBalance(*device, value);
         };
-        m_inputVolume = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Input volume");
+        m_inputVolume = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Input volume"));
         m_inputVolume->setRange(AudioObject::MinimalVolume, AudioObject::NormalVolume);
         m_inputVolume->setStepSize(0.01);
         m_inputVolume->onMoved = [this](double value) {
@@ -204,7 +208,7 @@ public:
                 device->setMuted(false);
             }
         };
-        m_inputLevel = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>("Input level");
+        m_inputLevel = m_sliders->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Input level"));
         m_inputLevel->setMeterLevel(0);
 
         m_subscriptions.push_back(m_backend->connectedChanged.connect([this] {
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@ private:
     {
         m_operationError = message;
         m_errorCard->setVisible(!message.empty());
-        m_error->setText("Could not apply the audio change: " + message);
+        m_error->setText(format(tr("Could not apply the audio change: {error}"), {{"error", message}}));
     }
 
     void rebuildDevices()
@@ -267,7 +271,7 @@ private:
         const bool inputs = showInputs();
         const bool connected = m_backend->isConnected();
         m_connecting->setVisible(!connected);
-        m_noDevices->setText(inputs ? "No input devices" : "No output devices");
+        m_noDevices->setText(inputs ? tr("No input devices") : tr("No output devices"));
         m_noDevices->setVisible(connected && model().count() == 0);
 
         const std::shared_ptr<AudioObject> output = m_outputs.defaultNode();

src/pages/touchpad/touchpadpage.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/input/availability.h"
 #include "pages/touchpad/touchpad.h"
 #include "ui/slider.h"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -33,40 +35,40 @@ class TouchpadPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit TouchpadPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Touchpad")
+        : Page(window, tr("Touchpad"))
     {
         m_deviceCard = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_deviceCard->setName("touchpad:device");
-        m_enabled = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Enable");
+        m_enabled = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Enable"));
         m_enabled->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setEnabled(checked); };
-        m_disableWithMouse = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Disable when a mouse is connected");
+        m_disableWithMouse = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Disable when a mouse is connected"));
         m_disableWithMouse->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setDisableWithMouse(checked); };
-        m_disableWhileTyping = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Disable while typing");
+        m_disableWhileTyping = m_deviceCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Disable while typing"));
         m_disableWhileTyping->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setDisableWhileTyping(checked); };
 
         m_gestureCard = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_gestureCard->setName("touchpad:gestures");
-        m_tapToClick = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Tap to click");
+        m_tapToClick = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Tap to click"));
         m_tapToClick->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setTapToClick(checked); };
-        m_tapDragging = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Tap and drag");
+        m_tapDragging = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Tap and drag"));
         m_tapDragging->setName("touchpad:tapDragging");
         m_tapDragging->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setTapDragging(checked); };
-        m_secondaryClick = m_gestureCard->addChild<ListRow>("Secondary click");
+        m_secondaryClick = m_gestureCard->addChild<ListRow>(tr("Secondary click"));
         m_secondaryClick->setName("touchpad:secondaryClick");
         m_secondaryClick->setInteractive(false);
         m_secondaryClickMethod = m_secondaryClick->addContent<RowComboBox>(
-                std::vector<std::string>{"Two-finger press", "Bottom-right corner press"});
+                std::vector<std::string>{tr("Two-finger press"), tr("Bottom-right corner press")});
         m_secondaryClickMethod->onActivated = [this](int index) { m_touchpad.setTwoFingerSecondaryClick(index == 0); };
-        m_naturalScroll = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>("Natural scrolling");
+        m_naturalScroll = m_gestureCard->addChild<SwitchRow>(tr("Natural scrolling"));
         m_naturalScroll->onToggled = [this](bool checked) { m_touchpad.setNaturalScroll(checked); };
-        m_pointerSpeed = m_gestureCard->addChild<SliderRow>("Pointer speed");
+        m_pointerSpeed = m_gestureCard->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Pointer speed"));
         m_pointerSpeed->setRange(0, kPointerSteps);
         m_pointerSpeed->setStepSize(1);
         m_pointerSpeed->slider()->setSnapMode(Slider::SnapMode::SnapAlways);
         m_pointerSpeed->onMoved = [this](double value) {
             m_touchpad.setPointerAcceleration(std::round(value) * 2 / kPointerSteps - 1);
         };
-        m_scrollSpeed = m_gestureCard->addChild<SliderRow>("Scroll speed");
+        m_scrollSpeed = m_gestureCard->addChild<SliderRow>(tr("Scroll speed"));
         m_scrollSpeed->setName("touchpad:scrollSpeed");
         m_scrollSpeed->setRange(0, kScrollSteps);
         m_scrollSpeed->setStepSize(1);

src/pages/touchscreen/touchscreenpage.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "pages/input/availability.h"
 #include "pages/input/compositorservice.h"
 #include "widgets/card.h"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ class TouchscreenPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit TouchscreenPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Touchscreen")
+        : Page(window, tr("Touchscreen"))
     {
         m_card = content()->addChild<Card>(Card::Style::List);
         m_changed = m_touchscreen.changed().connect([this] { update(); });

src/pages/wallpaper/wallpapergrid.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <cctype>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/icon.h"
 #include "ui/image_view.h"
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -302,7 +305,7 @@ public:
         , m_addTile(addTile)
     {
         if (m_addTile) {
-            m_addLabel = addChild<Label>("Add wallpaper");
+            m_addLabel = addChild<Label>(tr("Add wallpaper"));
             return;
         }
         m_placeholder = addChild<Icon>("image", 32);
@@ -613,8 +616,9 @@ void WallpaperGrid::updateTiles()
 void WallpaperGrid::updateHeader()
 {
     m_count->setVisible(!m_wallpapers.empty());
-    m_count->setText("(" + std::to_string(m_wallpapers.size()) + ")");
-    m_showAll->setText(m_expanded ? "Show less" : "Show all");
+    // TRANSLATORS: the number of wallpapers after a section's title, such as "(12)".
+    m_count->setText(format(tr("({count})"), {{"count", std::to_string(m_wallpapers.size())}}));
+    m_showAll->setText(m_expanded ? tr("Show less") : tr("Show all"));
     m_title->requestLayout();
 }
 

src/pages/wallpaper/wallpaperpage.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "cutefish/appearance/appearance.h"
 #include "pages/wallpaper/wallpapergrid.h"
 #include "pages/wallpaper/wallpapers.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@
 
 using namespace cutefish;
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::format;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -30,12 +33,12 @@ class WallpaperPage : public Page
 {
 public:
     explicit WallpaperPage(SettingsWindow& window)
-        : Page(window, "Wallpaper")
+        : Page(window, tr("Wallpaper"))
     {
         Card* card = content()->addChild<Card>();
         card->setSpacing(metrics::sectionSpacing);
 
-        m_user = card->addChild<WallpaperGrid>("Your wallpapers");
+        m_user = card->addChild<WallpaperGrid>(tr("Your wallpapers"));
         m_user->setName("wallpaper:user");
         m_user->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_user->setShowAddWallpaper(true);
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ public:
         m_user->onAddRequested = [this](PointF position) { m_addMenu.popup(&settingsWindow().window(), position); };
         m_user->onRemoveRequested = [this](const std::string& path) { m_appearance.removeUserWallpaper(path); };
 
-        m_system = card->addChild<WallpaperGrid>("System");
+        m_system = card->addChild<WallpaperGrid>(tr("System"));
         m_system->setName("wallpaper:system");
         m_system->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
         m_system->setWallpapers(wallpapers::system());
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ public:
         ColumnLayout* colors = card->addChild<ColumnLayout>();
         colors->setSpacing(metrics::cardSpacing);
         colors->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
-        colors->addChild<Label>("Colors");
+        colors->addChild<Label>(tr("Colors"));
         m_swatches = colors->addChild<ColorSwatches>();
         m_swatches->setName("wallpaper:colors");
         m_swatches->setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});
@@ -66,8 +69,8 @@ public:
             m_appearance.setBackgroundColor(color);
         };
 
-        m_addMenu.addItem("Choose file…", [this] { chooseFile(); });
-        m_addMenu.addItem("Choose folder…", [this] { chooseFolder(); });
+        m_addMenu.addItem(tr("Choose file…"), [this] { chooseFile(); });
+        m_addMenu.addItem(tr("Choose folder…"), [this] { chooseFolder(); });
 
         m_changed = m_appearance.changed.connect([this] { update(); });
         m_folderImagesChanged = m_appearance.wallpaperFolderImagesChanged.connect([this](const std::string& folder) {
@@ -90,9 +93,10 @@ private:
     void chooseFile()
     {
         m_chooser = std::make_unique<FileChooser>(&settingsWindow().window());
-        m_chooser->setTitle("Add wallpaper");
-        m_chooser->setFilters(
-                {FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter("Image files (*.jpg *.jpeg *.png *.webp *.bmp *.tif *.tiff *.avif)")});
+        m_chooser->setTitle(tr("Add wallpaper"));
+        m_chooser->setFilters({FileChooser::Filter::fromNameFilter(
+                format(tr("Image files ({patterns})"),
+                       {{"patterns", "*.jpg *.jpeg *.png *.webp *.bmp *.tif *.tiff *.avif"}}))});
         m_chooser->onAccepted = [this](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
             if (!paths.empty())
                 select(paths.front());
@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ private:
     {
         m_chooser = std::make_unique<FileChooser>(&settingsWindow().window());
         m_chooser->setMode(FileChooser::Mode::OpenFolder);
-        m_chooser->setTitle("Add Wallpaper Folder");
+        m_chooser->setTitle(tr("Add Wallpaper Folder"));
         m_chooser->onAccepted = [this](const std::vector<std::string>& paths, const std::string&) {
             if (!paths.empty())
                 m_appearance.addWallpaperFolder(paths.front());

src/widgets/searchfield.cpp

@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@
 
 #include "widgets/searchfield.h"
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
 static constexpr double kHeight = 28;
 
 SearchField::SearchField()
-    : cutefish::ui::SearchField("Search")
+    : cutefish::ui::SearchField(tr("Search"))
 {
     setIconMetrics(metrics::s, metrics::xs, metrics::xs);
     setLayoutHints({.fillWidth = true});

src/widgets/sliderrow.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/timer.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/icon.h"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "widgets/metrics.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::trc;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -39,8 +41,8 @@ public:
     {
         m_left = addChild<Label>();
         m_right = addChild<Label>();
-        m_leftReference = addChild<Label>("Left");
-        m_rightReference = addChild<Label>("Right");
+        m_leftReference = addChild<Label>(trc("balance", "Left"));
+        m_rightReference = addChild<Label>(trc("balance", "Right"));
         for (Label* label : {m_left, m_right, m_leftReference, m_rightReference}) {
             label->setFontSize(kCaptionPixelSize);
             // Sized to their text, which rounding must not cut.

src/window/page.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/painter.h"
 #include "ui/cell_layout.h"
 #include "ui/theme.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "window/settingswindow.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ void Page::paint(Painter& painter)
 PendingPage::PendingPage(SettingsWindow& window, std::string title)
     : Page(window, std::move(title))
 {
-    content()->addChild<Footnote>("This page is not ported yet.");
+    content()->addChild<Footnote>(tr("This page is not ported yet."));
 }
 
 } // namespace settings

src/window/pagelist.cpp

@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@
 
 #include <map>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "window/page.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::trNoop;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -18,83 +20,93 @@ static std::vector<PageInfo> makePages()
 
     // Sidebar pages, in sidebar order. Ethernet and Bluetooth join it once
     // their hardware is found, after Wi-Fi.
-    add({.id = "wlan", .name = "wlan", .title = "Wi-Fi", .icon = "network-wireless-connected-100",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = "Network",
-         .keywords = "wireless, WLAN, network, internet, password, DNS, IP address"});
-    add({.id = "ethernet", .name = "ethernet", .title = "Ethernet", .icon = "network.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = "Network",
-         .keywords = "wired, LAN, network, internet, cable, IP address", .initiallyAvailable = false});
-    add({.id = "bluetooth", .name = "bluetooth", .title = "Bluetooth", .icon = "bluetooth.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = "Network",
-         .keywords = "wireless, devices, pairing, headphones", .initiallyAvailable = false});
-    add({.id = "network", .name = "network", .title = "Network", .icon = "globe.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = "Network",
-         .keywords = "VPN, proxy, hotspot, tethering, internet"});
-    add({.id = "appearance", .name = "appearance", .title = "Appearance", .icon = "appearance.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x03B4CB), .category = "Desktop",
-         .keywords = "theme, dark mode, light mode, accent color, dim wallpaper"});
-    add({.id = "background", .name = "background", .title = "Wallpaper", .icon = "wallpaper.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x34B4A7), .category = "Desktop",
-         .keywords = "background, desktop picture, image"});
-    add({.id = "dock", .name = "dock", .title = "Dock", .icon = "dock.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x8585FC),
-         .category = "Desktop", .keywords = "taskbar, position, size, auto hide, glass effect"});
-    add({.id = "notifications", .name = "notifications", .title = "Notifications", .icon = "notifications.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xF16884), .category = "Desktop", .keywords = "do not disturb, banners, alerts"});
-    add({.id = "display", .name = "display", .title = "Display", .icon = "display.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0087ED), .category = "Devices",
-         .keywords = "monitor, screen, resolution, refresh rate, scaling, brightness, rotation"});
-    add({.id = "sound", .name = "sound", .title = "Sound", .icon = "sound.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xF16884),
-         .category = "Devices",
-         .keywords = "audio, volume, speakers, headphones, microphone, input, output"});
-    add({.id = "keyboard", .name = "keyboard", .title = "Keyboard", .icon = "keyboard.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2), .category = "Devices",
-         .keywords = "input method, key repeat, keyboard style"});
-    add({.id = "mouse", .name = "mouse", .title = "Mouse", .icon = "cursor.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x3385FF),
-         .category = "Devices", .keywords = "pointer speed, acceleration, natural scrolling, left-handed"});
-    add({.id = "touchpad", .name = "touchpad", .title = "Touchpad", .icon = "touchpad.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x999999), .category = "Devices",
-         .keywords = "trackpad, tap to click, natural scrolling, secondary click, pointer speed"});
-    add({.id = "touchscreen", .name = "touchscreen", .title = "Touchscreen", .icon = "touchscreen.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x999999), .category = "Devices", .keywords = "touch, touch screen, touch panel"});
-    add({.id = "accounts", .name = "accounts", .title = "Users", .icon = "accounts.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xDA7C43), .category = "System",
-         .keywords = "accounts, password, login, administrator, avatar"});
-    add({.id = "language", .name = "language", .title = "Language", .icon = "language.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x20A7FF), .category = "System", .keywords = "region, locale, system language"});
-    add({.id = "datetime", .name = "datetime", .title = "Date & Time", .icon = "datetime.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x418CFF), .category = "System",
-         .keywords = "clock, time zone, 24-hour time, NTP, sync"});
-    add({.id = "defaultapps", .name = "defaultapps", .title = "Default Applications", .icon = "defaultapps.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x418CFF), .category = "System", .keywords = "web browser, email client, terminal"});
-    add({.id = "battery", .name = "battery", .title = "Battery", .icon = "battery.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EC347), .category = "System",
-         .keywords = "charge, charging limit, battery health, capacity, history, percentage"});
-    add({.id = "power", .name = "power", .title = "Power", .icon = "power.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xFE8433),
-         .category = "System", .keywords = "energy, performance, power saving, sleep, turn off display"});
-    add({.id = "about", .name = "about", .title = "About", .icon = "about.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x24A7FD),
-         .category = "System", .keywords = "system, version, kernel, processor, memory, storage, hardware"});
+    add({.id = "wlan", .name = "wlan", .title = trNoop("Wi-Fi"), .icon = "network-wireless-connected-100",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = trNoop("Network"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("wireless, WLAN, network, internet, password, DNS, IP address")});
+    add({.id = "ethernet", .name = "ethernet", .title = trNoop("Ethernet"), .icon = "network.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = trNoop("Network"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("wired, LAN, network, internet, cable, IP address"), .initiallyAvailable = false});
+    add({.id = "bluetooth", .name = "bluetooth", .title = trNoop("Bluetooth"), .icon = "bluetooth.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = trNoop("Network"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("wireless, devices, pairing, headphones"), .initiallyAvailable = false});
+    add({.id = "network", .name = "network", .title = trNoop("Network"), .icon = "globe.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .category = trNoop("Network"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("VPN, proxy, hotspot, tethering, internet")});
+    add({.id = "appearance", .name = "appearance", .title = trNoop("Appearance"), .icon = "appearance.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x03B4CB), .category = trNoop("Desktop"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("theme, dark mode, light mode, accent color, dim wallpaper")});
+    add({.id = "background", .name = "background", .title = trNoop("Wallpaper"), .icon = "wallpaper.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x34B4A7), .category = trNoop("Desktop"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("background, desktop picture, image")});
+    add({.id = "dock", .name = "dock", .title = trNoop("Dock"), .icon = "dock.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x8585FC), .category = trNoop("Desktop"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("taskbar, position, size, auto hide, glass effect")});
+    add({.id = "notifications", .name = "notifications", .title = trNoop("Notifications"),
+         .icon = "notifications.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xF16884), .category = trNoop("Desktop"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("do not disturb, banners, alerts")});
+    add({.id = "display", .name = "display", .title = trNoop("Display"), .icon = "display.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0087ED), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("monitor, screen, resolution, refresh rate, scaling, brightness, rotation")});
+    add({.id = "sound", .name = "sound", .title = trNoop("Sound"), .icon = "sound.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xF16884), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("audio, volume, speakers, headphones, microphone, input, output")});
+    add({.id = "keyboard", .name = "keyboard", .title = trNoop("Keyboard"), .icon = "keyboard.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("input method, key repeat, keyboard style")});
+    add({.id = "mouse", .name = "mouse", .title = trNoop("Mouse"), .icon = "cursor.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x3385FF), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("pointer speed, acceleration, natural scrolling, left-handed")});
+    add({.id = "touchpad", .name = "touchpad", .title = trNoop("Touchpad"), .icon = "touchpad.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x999999), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("trackpad, tap to click, natural scrolling, secondary click, pointer speed")});
+    add({.id = "touchscreen", .name = "touchscreen", .title = trNoop("Touchscreen"), .icon = "touchscreen.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x999999), .category = trNoop("Devices"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("touch, touch screen, touch panel")});
+    add({.id = "accounts", .name = "accounts", .title = trNoop("Users"), .icon = "accounts.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xDA7C43), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("accounts, password, login, administrator, avatar")});
+    add({.id = "language", .name = "language", .title = trNoop("Language"), .icon = "language.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x20A7FF), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("region, locale, system language")});
+    add({.id = "datetime", .name = "datetime", .title = trNoop("Date & Time"), .icon = "datetime.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x418CFF), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("clock, time zone, 24-hour time, NTP, sync")});
+    add({.id = "defaultapps", .name = "defaultapps", .title = trNoop("Default Applications"),
+         .icon = "defaultapps.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x418CFF), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("web browser, email client, terminal")});
+    add({.id = "battery", .name = "battery", .title = trNoop("Battery"), .icon = "battery.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EC347), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("charge, charging limit, battery health, capacity, history, percentage")});
+    add({.id = "power", .name = "power", .title = trNoop("Power"), .icon = "power.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xFE8433), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("energy, performance, power saving, sleep, turn off display")});
+    add({.id = "about", .name = "about", .title = trNoop("About"), .icon = "about.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x24A7FD), .category = trNoop("System"),
+         .keywords = trNoop("system, version, kernel, processor, memory, storage, hardware")});
 
     // Sub pages, opened from inside a sidebar page; search lists them after it.
-    add({.id = "vpn", .name = "vpn", .title = "VPN", .icon = "network-vpn", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x48484C),
-         .keywords = "VPN, WireGuard, OpenVPN, tunnel, network", .parentId = "network"});
-    add({.id = "proxy", .name = "proxy", .title = "Proxy", .icon = "proxy.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF),
-         .keywords = "HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS, FTP, PAC, network", .parentId = "network"});
-    add({.id = "hotspot", .name = "hotspot", .title = "Hotspot", .icon = "network-wireless-hotspot",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EBC6B), .keywords = "tethering, share internet, access point, Wi-Fi, wireless",
+    add({.id = "vpn", .name = "vpn", .title = trNoop("VPN"), .icon = "network-vpn",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x48484C), .keywords = trNoop("VPN, WireGuard, OpenVPN, tunnel, network"),
          .parentId = "network"});
-    add({.id = "fonts", .title = "Fonts", .icon = "fonts.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xFE8433),
-         .keywords = "general font, fixed font, font size, anti-aliasing, hinting", .parentId = "appearance"});
-    add({.id = "icontheme", .title = "Icon Theme", .icon = "icontheme.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EC347),
-         .keywords = "icons", .parentId = "appearance"});
-    add({.id = "cursortheme", .title = "Cursor Style", .icon = "cursor.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x3385FF),
-         .keywords = "cursor theme, cursor size, pointer", .parentId = "appearance"});
-    add({.id = "keyboardlayout", .title = "Keyboard Layout", .icon = "keyboard.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2), .keywords = "input source", .parentId = "keyboard"});
-    add({.id = "hotcorners", .name = "hotcorners", .title = "Hot Corners", .icon = "dock.svg",
-         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x8585FC), .keywords = "screen corners, show desktop, show all windows",
+    add({.id = "proxy", .name = "proxy", .title = trNoop("Proxy"), .icon = "proxy.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x0067FF), .keywords = trNoop("HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS, FTP, PAC, network"),
+         .parentId = "network"});
+    add({.id = "hotspot", .name = "hotspot", .title = trNoop("Hotspot"), .icon = "network-wireless-hotspot",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EBC6B),
+         .keywords = trNoop("tethering, share internet, access point, Wi-Fi, wireless"), .parentId = "network"});
+    add({.id = "fonts", .title = trNoop("Fonts"), .icon = "fonts.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0xFE8433),
+         .keywords = trNoop("general font, fixed font, font size, anti-aliasing, hinting"), .parentId = "appearance"});
+    add({.id = "icontheme", .title = trNoop("Icon Theme"), .icon = "icontheme.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x2EC347),
+         .keywords = trNoop("icons"), .parentId = "appearance"});
+    add({.id = "cursortheme", .title = trNoop("Cursor Style"), .icon = "cursor.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x3385FF),
+         .keywords = trNoop("cursor theme, cursor size, pointer"), .parentId = "appearance"});
+    add({.id = "keyboardlayout", .title = trNoop("Keyboard Layout"), .icon = "keyboard.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2), .keywords = trNoop("input source"), .parentId = "keyboard"});
+    add({.id = "hotcorners", .name = "hotcorners", .title = trNoop("Hot Corners"), .icon = "dock.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x8585FC), .keywords = trNoop("screen corners, show desktop, show all windows"),
          .parentId = "dock"});
-    add({.id = "shortcuts", .title = "Keyboard Shortcuts", .icon = "keyboard.svg", .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2),
-         .keywords = "hotkeys, key bindings", .parentId = "keyboard"});
+    add({.id = "shortcuts", .title = trNoop("Keyboard Shortcuts"), .icon = "keyboard.svg",
+         .iconColor = Color::rgb(0x5E6AD2), .keywords = trNoop("hotkeys, key bindings"), .parentId = "keyboard"});
     return pages;
 }
 

src/window/settingswindow.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <cmath>
 
 #include "base/event_loop.h"
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "base/timer.h"
 #include "ui/application.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "window/sidebar.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ SettingsWindow::SettingsWindow()
     : m_window(std::make_unique<Window>())
     , m_revealTimer(std::make_unique<cutefish::base::Timer>())
 {
-    m_window->setTitle("Settings");
+    m_window->setTitle(tr("Settings"));
     m_window->resize({900, 610});
     // Half of a 1280-wide screen, so the window can be split beside another.
     m_window->setMinimumSize({640, 600});
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ void SettingsWindow::showHistoryEntry(int index)
     if (info && info->create)
         page = info->create(*this);
     if (!page)
-        page = std::make_unique<PendingPage>(*this, info ? info->title : entry.page);
+        page = std::make_unique<PendingPage>(*this, info ? tr(info->title.c_str()) : entry.page);
     page->setName("page:" + entry.page);
     m_page = page.get();
     m_root->setPage(std::move(page));

src/window/sidebar.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "base/i18n.h"
 #include "ui/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/keys.h"
 #include "ui/label.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "window/pagelist.h"
 
 using namespace cutefish::ui;
+using cutefish::i18n::tr;
 
 namespace settings {
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ public:
         : m_page(page)
     {
         m_icon = addChild<RowIcon>(page.icon, page.iconColor);
-        m_title = addChild<Label>(page.title);
+        m_title = addChild<Label>(tr(page.title.c_str()));
         m_title->setFontSize(metrics::points(kItemPointSize));
         m_title->setVerticallyCentered(true);
     }
@@ -179,7 +181,7 @@ public:
             const Entry& entry = m_entries[i];
             if (i == 0 || entry.rootPage->category != category) {
                 category = entry.rootPage->category;
-                addChild<SidebarSection>(category);
+                addChild<SidebarSection>(tr(category.c_str()));
             }
             SidebarItem* item = addChild<SidebarItem>(*entry.page);
             item->setName(m_namePrefix + entry.page->id);
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ private:
 
 Sidebar::Sidebar()
 {
-    m_title = addChild<Label>("Settings");
+    m_title = addChild<Label>(tr("Settings"));
     m_title->setFontSize(metrics::points(kTitlePointSize));
     m_title->setVerticallyCentered(true);
     m_search = addChild<SearchField>();
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ Sidebar::Sidebar()
     m_resultsList = m_resultsScroll->setContent<SidebarList>();
     m_resultsList->setNamePrefix("result:");
     m_resultsList->onClicked = [this](int index) { openResult(index); };
-    m_noResults = addChild<Label>("No results");
+    m_noResults = addChild<Label>(tr("No results"));
     m_noResults->setElide(Label::Elide::None);
     m_noResults->setVisible(false);
 }
@@ -467,13 +469,14 @@ void Sidebar::updateResults()
     if (searching) {
         const std::vector<std::string> words = queryWords(m_search->text());
         for (const PageInfo* entry : m_entries) {
-            if (matches(words, {entry->title, entry->category, entry->keywords}))
+            if (matches(words, {tr(entry->title.c_str()), tr(entry->category.c_str()), tr(entry->keywords.c_str())}))
                 m_results.push_back({entry, entry});
             for (const PageInfo& sub : pages()) {
                 if (sub.parentId != entry->id
                     || std::find(m_unavailableSubPages.begin(), m_unavailableSubPages.end(), sub.id)
                             != m_unavailableSubPages.end()
-                    || !matches(words, {sub.title, entry->title, entry->category, sub.keywords}))
+                    || !matches(words, {tr(sub.title.c_str()), tr(entry->title.c_str()), tr(entry->category.c_str()),
+                                        tr(sub.keywords.c_str())}))
                     continue;
                 m_results.push_back({&sub, entry});
             }